feat: Add syntax for string literals

Also rudimentary code generation. The difficulty
  is that for Haskell generation, we need to know
  whether an expression is a string or in to send it
  to standard output. So we will need to begin
  implementation of a type system for fostr.

syntax/fostr.sdf3

@@ -8,6 +8,14 @@ context-free start-symbols
   
   Start
 
+lexical sorts
+
+  STRING_LITERAL
+
+lexical syntax
+
+  STRING_LITERAL = ~[\']*
+
 context-free sorts
 
   Start LineSeq Line OptTermEx TermExLst TermEx Ex
@@ -30,8 +38,9 @@ context-free syntax
   TermEx.Terminate = <<Ex>;>
 
   Ex.Int       = INT
+  Ex.LitString = <'<STRING_LITERAL>'>
   Ex.Stream    = <stream>
-  Ex.Sum      = [[Ex] +  [Ex]] {left}
+  Ex.Sum       = <<Ex> +  <Ex>> {left}
   Ex.Gets      = [[Ex] << [Ex]] {left}
   Ex.To        = [[Ex] >> [Ex]] {left}
 

tests/hw.fos

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+stream << 'Hello,	world!'

trans/haskell.str

@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@ rules
 
   hs: Stream()             -> ("StdIO", "")
   hs: Int(x)               -> (x, "")
+  hs: LitString(x)
+        -> ($["[<string-as-chars(escape-chars(HaskellEscape))>x]"], "")
   hs: Sum( (c, p), (d, q)) -> ($[([c] + [d])], <conc-strings>(p,q))
 
   hs: Gets((c, p), (d, q)) -> <hsget>(c,d,<conc-strings>(p,q),<newname>"fosgt")
@@ -35,7 +37,17 @@ rules
   hs: Terminate((c,p))     -> ($[[c];;], p)
   hs: Sequence(l)          -> (<last; Fst>l, <map(Snd); concat-strings>l)
 
+  /* Characters we need to escape in Haskell string constants */
+  Hascape: ['\t' | cs ] -> ['\', 't'  | cs ]
+  /* I think I can just use ASCII constants for characters... */
+  Hascape: [ 0   | cs ] -> ['\', '0'  | cs ]
+  Hascape: [ 7   | cs ] -> ['\', 'a'  | cs ] // Alert
+  Hascape: [ 8   | cs ] -> ['\', 'b'  | cs ] // Backspace
+  Hascape: [ 11  | cs ] -> ['\', 'v'  | cs ] // Vertical tab
+  Hascape: [ 12  | cs ] -> ['\', 'f'  | cs ] // Form feed
+
 strategies
+  HaskellEscape = Escape <+ Hascape
 
   haskell = bottomup(try(hs))
 

trans/javascript.str

@@ -13,13 +13,23 @@ rules
 
   js: Stream()     -> $[Stdio]
   js: Int(x)       -> x
+  js: LitString(x) -> $['[<string-as-chars(escape-chars(JavaEscape))>x]']
   js: Sum(x,y)     -> $[[x] + [y]]
   js: Gets(x, y)   -> $[[x].gets([y])]
   js: To(x, y)     -> $[to([x],[y])]
   js: Terminate(x) -> x
   js: Sequence(l)  -> <join(|";\n")>l
 
+  /* Characters we need to escape in Javascript string constants */
+  Jscape: ['\t' | cs ] -> ['\', 't'  | cs ]
+  /* I think I can just use ASCII constants for characters... */
+  Jscape: [ 0   | cs ] -> ['\', '0'  | cs ]
+  Jscape: [ 8   | cs ] -> ['\', 'b'  | cs ] // Backspace
+  Jscape: [ 11  | cs ] -> ['\', 'v'  | cs ] // Vertical tab
+  Jscape: [ 12  | cs ] -> ['\', 'f'  | cs ] // Form feed
+
 strategies
+  JavaEscape = Escape <+ Jscape
 
   javascript = bottomup(try(js))
 

trans/python.str

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ rules
 
   py: Stream()     -> $[Stdio]
   py: Int(x)       -> x
+  py: LitString(x) -> $[r'[x]']
   py: Sum(x,y)     -> $[[x] + [y]]
   py: Gets(x, y)   -> $[[x].gets([y])]
   py: To(x, y)     -> $[to([x],[y])]