Write a deployment packaging script (#113 )

Adds a packaging script to help automate deployment. Documents the deployment process in `README.md`. Also, moves `run-examples.sh` into the tools folder that we created for the packaging script. Co-authored-by: Aaron Fenyes <aaron.fenyes@fareycircles.ooo> Reviewed-on: StudioInfinity/dyna3#113 Co-authored-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net> Co-committed-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net>
Refactor: rename loaders and adopt 'Self' type convention (#111 )
2025-08-11 03:33:19 +00:00 · 2025-08-07 23:24:07 +00:00 · 2025-08-04 23:34:33 +00:00 · 2025-07-31 22:21:32 +00:00 · 2025-07-22 22:01:37 +00:00
23 changed files with 1389 additions and 621 deletions
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -25,32 +25,37 @@ The latest prototype is in the folder `app-proto`. It includes both a user inter
 ### Install the prerequisites
 1. Install [`rustup`](https://rust-lang.github.io/rustup/): the officially recommended Rust toolchain manager
-   * It's available on Ubuntu as a [Snap](https://snapcraft.io/rustup)
+   - It's available on Ubuntu as a [Snap](https://snapcraft.io/rustup)
 2. Call `rustup default stable` to "download the latest stable release of Rust and set it as your default toolchain"
-   * If you forget, the `rustup` [help system](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustup/blob/d9b3601c3feb2e88cf3f8ca4f7ab4fdad71441fd/src/errors.rs#L109-L112) will remind you
+   - If you forget, the `rustup` [help system](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustup/blob/d9b3601c3feb2e88cf3f8ca4f7ab4fdad71441fd/src/errors.rs#L109-L112) will remind you
 3. Call `rustup target add wasm32-unknown-unknown` to add the [most generic 32-bit WebAssembly target](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support/wasm32-unknown-unknown.html)
 4. Call `cargo install wasm-pack` to install the [WebAssembly toolchain](https://rustwasm.github.io/docs/wasm-pack/)
 5. Call `cargo install trunk` to install the [Trunk](https://trunkrs.dev/) web-build tool
 6. Add the `.cargo/bin` folder in your home directory to your executable search path
-   * This lets you call Trunk, and other tools installed by Cargo, without specifying their paths
+   - This lets you call Trunk, and other tools installed by Cargo, without specifying their paths
-   * On POSIX systems, the search path is stored in the `PATH` environment variable
+   - On POSIX systems, the search path is stored in the `PATH` environment variable
 ### Play with the prototype
 1. From the `app-proto` folder, call `trunk serve --release` to build and serve the prototype
-   * *The crates the prototype depends on will be downloaded and served automatically*
+   - The crates the prototype depends on will be downloaded and served automatically
-   * *For a faster build, at the expense of a much slower prototype, you can call `trunk serve` without the `--release` flag*
+   - For a faster build, at the expense of a much slower prototype, you can call `trunk serve` without the `--release` flag
-   * *If you want to stay in the top-level folder, you can call `trunk serve --config app-proto [--release]`* from there instead.
+   - If you want to stay in the top-level folder, you can call `trunk serve --config app-proto [--release]` from there instead.
 3. In a web browser, visit one of the URLs listed under the message `INFO 📡 server listening at:`
-   * *Touching any file in the `app-proto` folder will make Trunk rebuild and live-reload the prototype*
+   - Touching any file in the `app-proto` folder will make Trunk rebuild and live-reload the prototype
 4. Press *ctrl+C* in the shell where Trunk is running to stop serving the prototype
 ### Run the engine on some example problems
-1. Go into the `app-proto` folder
+1. Use `sh` to run the script `tools/run-examples.sh`
-2. Call `./run-examples`
+   - The script is location-independent, so you can do this from anywhere in the dyna3 repository
-   * *For each example problem, the engine will print the value of the loss function at each optimization step*
+   - The call from the top level of the repository is:
-   * *The first example that prints is the same as the Irisawa hexlet example from the Julia version of the engine prototype. If you go into `engine-proto/gram-test`, launch Julia, and then*
+     
     ```bash
     sh tools/run-examples.sh
     ```
   - For each example problem, the engine will print the value of the loss function at each optimization step
   - The first example that prints is the same as the Irisawa hexlet example from the Julia version of the engine prototype. If you go into `engine-proto/gram-test`, launch Julia, and then
     ```julia
     include("irisawa-hexlet.jl")
@ -59,9 +64,24 @@ The latest prototype is in the folder `app-proto`. It includes both a user inter
     end
     ```
-     *you should see that it prints basically the same loss history until the last few steps, when the lower default precision of the Rust engine really starts to show*
+     you should see that it prints basically the same loss history until the last few steps, when the lower default precision of the Rust engine really starts to show
 ### Run the automated tests
 1. Go into the `app-proto` folder
 2. Call `cargo test`
 ### Deploy the prototype
 1. From the `app-proto` folder, call `trunk build --release`
   - Building in [release mode](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/profiles.html#release) produces an executable which is smaller and often much faster, but harder to debug and more time-consuming to build
   - If you want to stay in the top-level folder, you can call `trunk build --config app-proto --release` from there instead
 2. Use `sh` to run the packaging script `tools/package-for-deployment.sh`.
   - The script is location-independent, so you can do this from anywhere in the dyna3 repository
   - The call from the top level of the repository is:
     ```bash
     sh tools/package-for-deployment.sh
     ```
   - This will overwrite or replace the files in `deploy/dyna3`
 3. Put the contents of `deploy/dyna3` in the folder on your server that the prototype will be served from.
   - To simplify uploading, you might want to combine these files into an archive called `deploy/dyna3.zip`. Git has been set to ignore this path
--- a/app-proto/Trunk.toml
+++ b/app-proto/Trunk.toml
@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
 [build]
 public_url = "./"
--- a/app-proto/examples/kaleidocycle.rs
+++ b/app-proto/examples/kaleidocycle.rs
@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ fn main() {
        let twist_motion: DMatrix<_> = (0..N_POINTS).step_by(4).flat_map(
            |n| [
                tangent.proj(&up.as_view(), n),
-                tangent.proj(&down.as_view(), n+1)
+                tangent.proj(&down.as_view(), n+1),
            ]
        ).sum();
        let normalization = 5.0 / twist_motion[(2, 0)];
--- a/app-proto/examples/point-on-sphere.rs
+++ b/app-proto/examples/point-on-sphere.rs
@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use dyna3::engine::{
    realize_gram,
    sphere,
    ConfigNeighborhood,
-    ConstraintProblem
+    ConstraintProblem,
 };
 fn main() {
@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ fn main() {
    );
    print::title("Point on a sphere");
    print::realization_diagnostics(&realization);
-    if let Ok(ConfigNeighborhood{ config, .. }) = realization.result {
+    if let Ok(ConfigNeighborhood { config, .. }) = realization.result {
        print::gram_matrix(&config);
        print::config(&config);
    }
--- a/app-proto/examples/three-spheres.rs
+++ b/app-proto/examples/three-spheres.rs
@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ use dyna3::engine::{
    realize_gram,
    sphere,
    ConfigNeighborhood,
-    ConstraintProblem
+    ConstraintProblem,
 };
 fn main() {
@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ fn main() {
        &[
            sphere(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
            sphere(-0.5, a, 0.0, 1.0),
-            sphere(-0.5, -a, 0.0, 1.0)
+            sphere(-0.5, -a, 0.0, 1.0),
        ]
    });
    for j in 0..3 {
@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ fn main() {
    );
    print::title("Three spheres");
    print::realization_diagnostics(&realization);
-    if let Ok(ConfigNeighborhood{ config, .. }) = realization.result {
+    if let Ok(ConfigNeighborhood { config, .. }) = realization.result {
        print::gram_matrix(&config);
    }
    print::loss_history(&realization.history);
--- a/app-proto/src/add_remove.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/add_remove.rs
@ -1,259 +0,0 @@
 use std::{f64::consts::FRAC_1_SQRT_2, rc::Rc};
 use sycamore::prelude::*;
 use web_sys::{console, wasm_bindgen::JsValue};
 use crate::{
    AppState,
    engine,
    engine::DescentHistory,
    assembly::{Assembly, InversiveDistanceRegulator, Point, Sphere}
 };
 /* DEBUG */
 // load an example assembly for testing. this code will be removed once we've
 // built a more formal test assembly system
 fn load_gen_assemb(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("gemini_a"),
            String::from("Castor"),
            [1.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 1.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("gemini_b"),
            String::from("Pollux"),
            [0.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(-0.5, -0.5, 0.0, 1.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("ursa_major"),
            String::from("Ursa major"),
            [0.25_f32, 0.00_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(-0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 0.75)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("ursa_minor"),
            String::from("Ursa minor"),
            [0.25_f32, 1.00_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.5, -0.5, 0.0, 0.5)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("moon_deimos"),
            String::from("Deimos"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.15, 1.0, 0.25)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("moon_phobos"),
            String::from("Phobos"),
            [0.00_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.50_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, -0.15, -1.0, 0.25)
        )
    );
 }
 /* DEBUG */
 // load an example assembly for testing. this code will be removed once we've
 // built a more formal test assembly system
 fn load_low_curv_assemb(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let a = 0.75_f64.sqrt();
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "central".to_string(),
            "Central".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "assemb_plane".to_string(),
            "Assembly plane".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "side1".to_string(),
            "Side 1".to_string(),
            [1.00_f32, 0.00_f32, 0.25_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "side2".to_string(),
            "Side 2".to_string(),
            [0.25_f32, 1.00_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-0.5, a, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "side3".to_string(),
            "Side 3".to_string(),
            [0.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-0.5, -a, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "corner1".to_string(),
            "Corner 1".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(-4.0/3.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0/3.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "corner2".to_string(),
            "Corner 2".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(2.0/3.0, -4.0/3.0 * a, 0.0, 1.0/3.0)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("corner3"),
            String::from("Corner 3"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(2.0/3.0, 4.0/3.0 * a, 0.0, 1.0/3.0)
        )
    );
 }
 fn load_pointed_assemb(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Point::new(
            format!("point_front"),
            format!("Front point"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::point(0.0, 0.0, FRAC_1_SQRT_2)
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Point::new(
            format!("point_back"),
            format!("Back point"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::point(0.0, 0.0, -FRAC_1_SQRT_2)
        )
    );
    for index_x in 0..=1 {
        for index_y in 0..=1 {
            let x = index_x as f64 - 0.5;
            let y = index_y as f64 - 0.5;
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Sphere::new(
                    format!("sphere{index_x}{index_y}"),
                    format!("Sphere {index_x}{index_y}"),
                    [0.5*(1.0 + x) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 + y) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 - x*y) as f32],
                    engine::sphere(x, y, 0.0, 1.0)
                )
            );
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Point::new(
                    format!("point{index_x}{index_y}"),
                    format!("Point {index_x}{index_y}"),
                    [0.5*(1.0 + x) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 + y) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 - x*y) as f32],
                    engine::point(x, y, 0.0)
                )
            );
        }
    }
 }
 #[component]
 pub fn AddRemove() -> View {
    /* DEBUG */
    let assembly_name = create_signal("general".to_string());
    create_effect(move || {
        // get name of chosen assembly
        let name = assembly_name.get_clone();
        console::log_1(
            &JsValue::from(format!("Showing assembly \"{}\"", name.clone()))
        );
        batch(|| {
            let state = use_context::<AppState>();
            let assembly = &state.assembly;
            // clear state
            assembly.regulators.update(|regs| regs.clear());
            assembly.elements.update(|elts| elts.clear());
            assembly.elements_by_id.update(|elts_by_id| elts_by_id.clear());
            assembly.descent_history.set(DescentHistory::new());
            state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear());
            // load assembly
            match name.as_str() {
                "general" => load_gen_assemb(assembly),
                "low-curv" => load_low_curv_assemb(assembly),
                "pointed" => load_pointed_assemb(assembly),
                _ => ()
            };
        });
    });
    view! {
        div(id="add-remove") {
            button(
                on:click=|_| {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    state.assembly.insert_element_default::<Sphere>();
                }
            ) { "Add sphere" }
            button(
                on:click=|_| {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    state.assembly.insert_element_default::<Point>();
                }
            ) { "Add point" }
            button(
                class="emoji", /* KLUDGE */ // for convenience, we're using an emoji as a temporary icon for this button
                disabled={
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    state.selection.with(|sel| sel.len() != 2)
                },
                on:click=|_| {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    let subjects: [_; 2] = state.selection.with(
                        // the button is only enabled when two elements are
                        // selected, so we know the cast to a two-element array
                        // will succeed
                        |sel| sel
                            .clone()
                            .into_iter()
                            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                            .try_into()
                            .unwrap()
                    );
                    state.assembly.insert_regulator(
                        Rc::new(InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(subjects))
                    );
                    state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear());
                }
            ) { "🔗" }
            select(bind:value=assembly_name) { /* DEBUG */ // example assembly chooser
                option(value="general") { "General" }
                option(value="low-curv") { "Low-curvature" }
                option(value="pointed") { "Pointed" }
                option(value="empty") { "Empty" }
            }
        }
    }
 }
--- a/app-proto/src/assembly.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/assembly.rs
@ -1,22 +1,21 @@
 use nalgebra::{DMatrix, DVector, DVectorView};
 use std::{
    cell::Cell,
    collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet},
    cmp::Ordering,
    collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet},
    fmt,
    fmt::{Debug, Formatter},
    hash::{Hash, Hasher},
    rc::Rc,
-    sync::{atomic, atomic::AtomicU64}
+    sync::{atomic, atomic::AtomicU64},
 };
 use sycamore::prelude::*;
 use web_sys::{console, wasm_bindgen::JsValue}; /* DEBUG */
 use crate::{
-    display::DisplayItem,
+    components::{display::DisplayItem, outline::OutlineItem},
    engine::{
        Q,
        change_half_curvature,
        local_unif_to_std,
        point,
        project_point_to_normalized,
@ -27,10 +26,9 @@ use crate::{
        ConfigSubspace,
        ConstraintProblem,
        DescentHistory,
-        Realization
+        Realization,
    },
-    outline::OutlineItem,
+    specified::SpecifiedValue,
    specified::SpecifiedValue
 };
 pub type ElementColor = [f32; 3];
@ -166,7 +164,7 @@ pub struct Sphere {
    pub ghost: Signal<bool>,
    pub regulators: Signal<BTreeSet<Rc<dyn Regulator>>>,
    serial: u64,
-    column_index: Cell<Option<usize>>
+    column_index: Cell<Option<usize>>,
 }
 impl Sphere {
@ -176,17 +174,17 @@ impl Sphere {
        id: String,
        label: String,
        color: ElementColor,
-        representation: DVector<f64>
+        representation: DVector<f64>,
-    ) -> Sphere {
+    ) -> Self {
-        Sphere {
+        Self {
-            id: id,
+            id,
-            label: label,
+            label,
-            color: color,
+            color,
            representation: create_signal(representation),
            ghost: create_signal(false),
            regulators: create_signal(BTreeSet::new()),
            serial: Self::next_serial(),
-            column_index: None.into()
+            column_index: None.into(),
        }
    }
 }
@ -196,12 +194,12 @@ impl Element for Sphere {
        "sphere".to_string()
    }
-    fn default(id: String, id_num: u64) -> Sphere {
+    fn default(id: String, id_num: u64) -> Self {
-        Sphere::new(
+        Self::new(
            id,
            format!("Sphere {id_num}"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
-            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
+            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
        )
    }
@ -266,7 +264,7 @@ pub struct Point {
    pub ghost: Signal<bool>,
    pub regulators: Signal<BTreeSet<Rc<dyn Regulator>>>,
    serial: u64,
-    column_index: Cell<Option<usize>>
+    column_index: Cell<Option<usize>>,
 }
 impl Point {
@ -276,9 +274,9 @@ impl Point {
        id: String,
        label: String,
        color: ElementColor,
-        representation: DVector<f64>
+        representation: DVector<f64>,
-    ) -> Point {
+    ) -> Self {
-        Point {
+        Self {
            id,
            label,
            color,
@ -286,7 +284,7 @@ impl Point {
            ghost: create_signal(false),
            regulators: create_signal(BTreeSet::new()),
            serial: Self::next_serial(),
-            column_index: None.into()
+            column_index: None.into(),
        }
    }
 }
@ -296,12 +294,12 @@ impl Element for Point {
        "point".to_string()
    }
-    fn default(id: String, id_num: u64) -> Point {
+    fn default(id: String, id_num: u64) -> Self {
-        Point::new(
+        Self::new(
            id,
            format!("Point {id_num}"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
-            point(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+            point(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
        )
    }
@ -350,7 +348,7 @@ impl ProblemPoser for Point {
            format!("Point \"{}\" should be indexed before writing problem data", self.id).as_str()
        );
        problem.gram.push_sym(index, index, 0.0);
-        problem.frozen.push(Point::WEIGHT_COMPONENT, index, 0.5);
+        problem.frozen.push(Self::WEIGHT_COMPONENT, index, 0.5);
        problem.guess.set_column(index, &self.representation.get_clone_untracked());
    }
 }
@ -359,16 +357,6 @@ pub trait Regulator: Serial + ProblemPoser + OutlineItem {
    fn subjects(&self) -> Vec<Rc<dyn Element>>;
    fn measurement(&self) -> ReadSignal<f64>;
    fn set_point(&self) -> Signal<SpecifiedValue>;
    // this method is used to responsively precondition the assembly for
    // realization when the regulator becomes a constraint, or is edited while
    // acting as a constraint. it should track the set point, do any desired
    // preconditioning when the set point is present, and use its return value
    // to report whether the set is present. the default implementation does no
    // preconditioning
    fn try_activate(&self) -> bool {
        self.set_point().with(|set_pt| set_pt.is_present())
    }
 }
 impl Hash for dyn Regulator {
@ -401,11 +389,11 @@ pub struct InversiveDistanceRegulator {
    pub subjects: [Rc<dyn Element>; 2],
    pub measurement: ReadSignal<f64>,
    pub set_point: Signal<SpecifiedValue>,
-    serial: u64
+    serial: u64,
 }
 impl InversiveDistanceRegulator {
-    pub fn new(subjects: [Rc<dyn Element>; 2]) -> InversiveDistanceRegulator {
+    pub fn new(subjects: [Rc<dyn Element>; 2]) -> Self {
        let representations = subjects.each_ref().map(|subj| subj.representation());
        let measurement = create_memo(move || {
            representations[0].with(|rep_0|
@ -418,7 +406,7 @@ impl InversiveDistanceRegulator {
        let set_point = create_signal(SpecifiedValue::from_empty_spec());
        let serial = Self::next_serial();
-        InversiveDistanceRegulator { subjects, measurement, set_point, serial }
+        Self { subjects, measurement, set_point, serial }
    }
 }
@ -461,11 +449,11 @@ pub struct HalfCurvatureRegulator {
    pub subject: Rc<dyn Element>,
    pub measurement: ReadSignal<f64>,
    pub set_point: Signal<SpecifiedValue>,
-    serial: u64
+    serial: u64,
 }
 impl HalfCurvatureRegulator {
-    pub fn new(subject: Rc<dyn Element>) -> HalfCurvatureRegulator {
+    pub fn new(subject: Rc<dyn Element>) -> Self {
        let measurement = subject.representation().map(
            |rep| rep[Sphere::CURVATURE_COMPONENT]
        );
@ -473,7 +461,7 @@ impl HalfCurvatureRegulator {
        let set_point = create_signal(SpecifiedValue::from_empty_spec());
        let serial = Self::next_serial();
-        HalfCurvatureRegulator { subject, measurement, set_point, serial }
+        Self { subject, measurement, set_point, serial }
    }
 }
@ -489,18 +477,6 @@ impl Regulator for HalfCurvatureRegulator {
    fn set_point(&self) -> Signal<SpecifiedValue> {
        self.set_point
    }
    fn try_activate(&self) -> bool {
        match self.set_point.with(|set_pt| set_pt.value) {
            Some(half_curv) => {
                self.subject.representation().update(
                    |rep| change_half_curvature(rep, half_curv)
                );
                true
            }
            None => false
        }
    }
 }
 impl Serial for HalfCurvatureRegulator {
@ -525,7 +501,7 @@ impl ProblemPoser for HalfCurvatureRegulator {
 // the velocity is expressed in uniform coordinates
 pub struct ElementMotion<'a> {
    pub element: Rc<dyn Element>,
-    pub velocity: DVectorView<'a, f64>
+    pub velocity: DVectorView<'a, f64>,
 }
 type AssemblyMotion<'a> = Vec<ElementMotion<'a>>;
@ -552,21 +528,42 @@ pub struct Assembly {
    // indexing
    pub elements_by_id: Signal<BTreeMap<String, Rc<dyn Element>>>,
    // realization control
    pub realization_trigger: Signal<()>,
    // realization diagnostics
    pub realization_status: Signal<Result<(), String>>,
-    pub descent_history: Signal<DescentHistory>
+    pub descent_history: Signal<DescentHistory>,
 }
 impl Assembly {
    pub fn new() -> Assembly {
-        Assembly {
+        // create an assembly
        let assembly = Assembly {
            elements: create_signal(BTreeSet::new()),
            regulators: create_signal(BTreeSet::new()),
            tangent: create_signal(ConfigSubspace::zero(0)),
            elements_by_id: create_signal(BTreeMap::default()),
            realization_trigger: create_signal(()),
            realization_status: create_signal(Ok(())),
-            descent_history: create_signal(DescentHistory::new())
+            descent_history: create_signal(DescentHistory::new()),
-        }
+        };
        // realize the assembly whenever the element list, the regulator list,
        // a regulator's set point, or the realization trigger is updated
        let assembly_for_effect = assembly.clone();
        create_effect(move || {
            assembly_for_effect.elements.track();
            assembly_for_effect.regulators.with(
                |regs| for reg in regs {
                    reg.set_point().track();
                }
            );
            assembly_for_effect.realization_trigger.track();
            assembly_for_effect.realize();
        });
        assembly
    }
    // --- inserting elements and regulators ---
@ -627,19 +624,6 @@ impl Assembly {
            regulators.update(|regs| regs.insert(regulator.clone()));
        }
        // update the realization when the regulator becomes a constraint, or is
        // edited while acting as a constraint
        let self_for_effect = self.clone();
        create_effect(move || {
            /* DEBUG */
            // log the regulator update
            console_log!("Updated regulator with subjects {:?}", regulator.subjects());
            if regulator.try_activate() {
                self_for_effect.realize();
            }
        });
        /* DEBUG */
        // print an updated list of regulators
        console_log!("Regulators:");
@ -707,8 +691,10 @@ impl Assembly {
        } else {
            console_log!("✅️ Target accuracy achieved!");
        }
-        console_log!("Steps: {}", history.scaled_loss.len() - 1);
+        if history.scaled_loss.len() > 0 {
-        console_log!("Loss: {}", history.scaled_loss.last().unwrap());
+            console_log!("Steps: {}", history.scaled_loss.len() - 1);
            console_log!("Loss: {}", history.scaled_loss.last().unwrap());
        }
        // report the loss history
        self.descent_history.set(history);
@ -738,7 +724,7 @@ impl Assembly {
                // `Err(message)` we received from the match: we're changing the
                // `Ok` type from `Realization` to `()`
                self.realization_status.set(Err(message))
-            }
+            },
        }
    }
@ -821,15 +807,15 @@ impl Assembly {
                    },
                    None => {
                        console_log!("No velocity to unpack for fresh element \"{}\"", elt.id())
-                    }
+                    },
                };
            });
        }
-        // bring the configuration back onto the solution variety. this also
+        // trigger a realization to bring the configuration back onto the
-        // gets the elements' column indices and the saved tangent space back in
+        // solution variety. this also gets the elements' column indices and the
-        // sync
+        // saved tangent space back in sync
-        self.realize();
+        self.realization_trigger.set(());
    }
 }
@ -881,7 +867,7 @@ mod tests {
                    String::from(sphere_id),
                    String::from("Sphere 0"),
                    [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
-                    engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, INITIAL_RADIUS)
+                    engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, INITIAL_RADIUS),
                )
            );
@ -895,7 +881,7 @@ mod tests {
                    vec![
                        ElementMotion {
                            element: sphere.clone(),
-                            velocity: velocity.as_view()
+                            velocity: velocity.as_view(),
                        }
                    ]
                );
--- a/app-proto/src/components.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/components.rs
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
 pub mod add_remove;
 pub mod diagnostics;
 pub mod display;
 pub mod outline;
 pub mod test_assembly_chooser;
--- a/app-proto/src/components/add_remove.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/add_remove.rs
@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use sycamore::prelude::*;
 use super::test_assembly_chooser::TestAssemblyChooser;
 use crate::{
    AppState,
    assembly::{InversiveDistanceRegulator, Point, Sphere},
 };
 #[component]
 pub fn AddRemove() -> View {
    view! {
        div(id = "add-remove") {
            button(
                on:click = |_| {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    batch(|| {
                        // this call is batched to avoid redundant realizations.
                        // it updates the element list and the regulator list,
                        // which are both tracked by the realization effect
                        /* TO DO */
                        // it would make more to do the batching inside
                        // `insert_element_default`, but that will have to wait
                        // until Sycamore handles nested batches correctly.
                        //
                        //   https://github.com/sycamore-rs/sycamore/issues/802
                        //
                        // the nested batch issue is relevant here because the
                        // assembly loaders in the test assembly chooser use
                        // `insert_element_default` within larger batches
                        state.assembly.insert_element_default::<Sphere>();
                    });
                }
            ) { "Add sphere" }
            button(
                on:click = |_| {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    state.assembly.insert_element_default::<Point>();
                }
            ) { "Add point" }
            button(
                class = "emoji", /* KLUDGE */ // for convenience, we're using an emoji as a temporary icon for this button
                disabled = {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    state.selection.with(|sel| sel.len() != 2)
                },
                on:click = |_| {
                    let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                    let subjects: [_; 2] = state.selection.with(
                        // the button is only enabled when two elements are
                        // selected, so we know the cast to a two-element array
                        // will succeed
                        |sel| sel
                            .clone()
                            .into_iter()
                            .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                            .try_into()
                            .unwrap()
                    );
                    state.assembly.insert_regulator(
                        Rc::new(InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(subjects))
                    );
                    state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear());
                }
            ) { "🔗" }
            TestAssemblyChooser {}
        }
    }
 }
--- a/app-proto/src/components/diagnostics.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/diagnostics.rs
@ -11,14 +11,12 @@ use crate::AppState;
 #[derive(Clone)]
 struct DiagnosticsState {
-    active_tab: Signal<String>
+    active_tab: Signal<String>,
 }
 impl DiagnosticsState {
-    fn new(initial_tab: String) -> DiagnosticsState {
+    fn new(initial_tab: String) -> Self {
-        DiagnosticsState {
+        Self { active_tab: create_signal(initial_tab) }
            active_tab: create_signal(initial_tab)
        }
    }
 }
@ -29,20 +27,20 @@ fn RealizationStatus() -> View {
    let realization_status = state.assembly.realization_status;
    view! {
        div(
-            id="realization-status",
+            id = "realization-status",
-            class=realization_status.with(
+            class = realization_status.with(
                |status| match status {
                    Ok(_) => "",
-                    Err(_) => "invalid"
+                    Err(_) => "invalid",
                }
            )
        ) {
-            div(class="status")
+            div(class = "status")
            div {
                (realization_status.with(
                    |status| match status {
                        Ok(_) => "Target accuracy achieved".to_string(),
-                        Err(message) => message.clone()
+                        Err(message) => message.clone(),
                    }
                ))
            }
@ -53,7 +51,7 @@ fn RealizationStatus() -> View {
 fn into_log10_time_point((step, value): (usize, f64)) -> Vec<Option<f64>> {
    vec![
        Some(step as f64),
-        if value == 0.0 { None } else { Some(value.abs().log10()) }
+        if value == 0.0 { None } else { Some(value.abs().log10()) },
    ]
 }
@ -105,7 +103,7 @@ fn LossHistory() -> View {
    });
    view! {
-        div(id=CONTAINER_ID, class="diagnostics-chart")
+        div(id = CONTAINER_ID, class = "diagnostics-chart")
    }
 }
@ -122,7 +120,7 @@ fn SpectrumHistory() -> View {
            // positive, negative, and strictly-zero parts
            let (
                hess_eigvals_zero,
-                hess_eigvals_nonzero
+                hess_eigvals_nonzero,
            ): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = state.assembly.descent_history.with(
                |history| history.hess_eigvals
                    .iter()
@ -143,7 +141,7 @@ fn SpectrumHistory() -> View {
                .unwrap_or(1.0);
            let (
                hess_eigvals_pos,
-                hess_eigvals_neg
+                hess_eigvals_neg,
            ): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = hess_eigvals_nonzero
                .into_iter()
                .partition(|&(_, val)| val > 0.0);
@ -211,7 +209,7 @@ fn SpectrumHistory() -> View {
    });
    view! {
-        div(id=CONTAINER_ID, class="diagnostics-chart")
+        div(id = CONTAINER_ID, class = "diagnostics-chart")
    }
 }
@ -220,8 +218,8 @@ fn DiagnosticsPanel(name: &'static str, children: Children) -> View {
    let diagnostics_state = use_context::<DiagnosticsState>();
    view! {
        div(
-            class="diagnostics-panel",
+            class = "diagnostics-panel",
-            "hidden"=diagnostics_state.active_tab.with(
+            "hidden" = diagnostics_state.active_tab.with(
                |active_tab| {
                    if active_tab == name {
                        None
@ -243,16 +241,16 @@ pub fn Diagnostics() -> View {
    provide_context(diagnostics_state);
    view! {
-        div(id="diagnostics") {
+        div(id = "diagnostics") {
-            div(id="diagnostics-bar") {
+            div(id = "diagnostics-bar") {
                RealizationStatus {}
-                select(bind:value=active_tab) {
+                select(bind:value = active_tab) {
-                    option(value="loss") { "Loss" }
+                    option(value = "loss") { "Loss" }
-                    option(value="spectrum") { "Spectrum" }
+                    option(value = "spectrum") { "Spectrum" }
                }
            }
-            DiagnosticsPanel(name="loss") { LossHistory {} }
+            DiagnosticsPanel(name = "loss") { LossHistory {} }
-            DiagnosticsPanel(name="spectrum") { SpectrumHistory {} }
+            DiagnosticsPanel(name = "spectrum") { SpectrumHistory {} }
        }
    }
 }
--- a/app-proto/src/components/display.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/display.rs
@ -12,12 +12,12 @@ use web_sys::{
    WebGlProgram,
    WebGlShader,
    WebGlUniformLocation,
-    wasm_bindgen::{JsCast, JsValue}
+    wasm_bindgen::{JsCast, JsValue},
 };
 use crate::{
    AppState,
-    assembly::{Element, ElementColor, ElementMotion, Point, Sphere}
+    assembly::{Element, ElementColor, ElementMotion, Point, Sphere},
 };
 // --- color ---
@ -37,15 +37,15 @@ fn combine_channels(color: ElementColor, opacity: f32) -> ColorWithOpacity {
 struct SceneSpheres {
    representations: Vec<DVector<f64>>,
    colors_with_opacity: Vec<ColorWithOpacity>,
-    highlights: Vec<f32>
+    highlights: Vec<f32>,
 }
 impl SceneSpheres {
-    fn new() -> SceneSpheres{
+    fn new() -> Self {
-        SceneSpheres {
+        Self {
            representations: Vec::new(),
            colors_with_opacity: Vec::new(),
-            highlights: Vec::new()
+            highlights: Vec::new(),
        }
    }
@ -53,7 +53,10 @@ impl SceneSpheres {
        self.representations.len().try_into().expect("Number of spheres must fit in a 32-bit integer")
    }
-    fn push(&mut self, representation: DVector<f64>, color: ElementColor, opacity: f32, highlight: f32) {
+    fn push(
        &mut self, representation: DVector<f64>,
        color: ElementColor, opacity: f32, highlight: f32,
    ) {
        self.representations.push(representation);
        self.colors_with_opacity.push(combine_channels(color, opacity));
        self.highlights.push(highlight);
@ -64,20 +67,23 @@ struct ScenePoints {
    representations: Vec<DVector<f64>>,
    colors_with_opacity: Vec<ColorWithOpacity>,
    highlights: Vec<f32>,
-    selections: Vec<f32>
+    selections: Vec<f32>,
 }
 impl ScenePoints {
-    fn new() -> ScenePoints {
+    fn new() -> Self {
-        ScenePoints {
+        Self {
            representations: Vec::new(),
            colors_with_opacity: Vec::new(),
            highlights: Vec::new(),
-            selections: Vec::new()
+            selections: Vec::new(),
        }
    }
-    fn push(&mut self, representation: DVector<f64>, color: ElementColor, opacity: f32, highlight: f32, selected: bool) {
+    fn push(
        &mut self, representation: DVector<f64>,
        color: ElementColor, opacity: f32, highlight: f32, selected: bool,
    ) {
        self.representations.push(representation);
        self.colors_with_opacity.push(combine_channels(color, opacity));
        self.highlights.push(highlight);
@ -87,14 +93,14 @@ impl ScenePoints {
 pub struct Scene {
    spheres: SceneSpheres,
-    points: ScenePoints
+    points: ScenePoints,
 }
 impl Scene {
-    fn new() -> Scene {
+    fn new() -> Self {
-        Scene {
+        Self {
            spheres: SceneSpheres::new(),
-            points: ScenePoints::new()
+            points: ScenePoints::new(),
        }
    }
 }
@ -105,7 +111,12 @@ pub trait DisplayItem {
    // the smallest positive depth, represented as a multiple of `dir`, where
    // the line generated by `dir` hits the element. returns `None` if the line
    // misses the element
-    fn cast(&self, dir: Vector3<f64>, assembly_to_world: &DMatrix<f64>, pixel_size: f64) -> Option<f64>;
+    fn cast(
        &self,
        dir: Vector3<f64>,
        assembly_to_world: &DMatrix<f64>,
        pixel_size: f64,
    ) -> Option<f64>;
 }
 impl DisplayItem for Sphere {
@ -124,7 +135,12 @@ impl DisplayItem for Sphere {
    // this method should be kept synchronized with `sphere_cast` in
    // `spheres.frag`, which does essentially the same thing on the GPU side
-    fn cast(&self, dir: Vector3<f64>, assembly_to_world: &DMatrix<f64>, _pixel_size: f64) -> Option<f64> {
+    fn cast(
        &self,
        dir: Vector3<f64>,
        assembly_to_world: &DMatrix<f64>,
        _pixel_size: f64,
    ) -> Option<f64> {
        // if `a/b` is less than this threshold, we approximate
        // `a*u^2 + b*u + c` by the linear function `b*u + c`
        const DEG_THRESHOLD: f64 = 1e-9;
@ -177,7 +193,12 @@ impl DisplayItem for Point {
    }
    /* SCAFFOLDING */
-    fn cast(&self, dir: Vector3<f64>, assembly_to_world: &DMatrix<f64>, pixel_size: f64) -> Option<f64> {
+    fn cast(
        &self,
        dir: Vector3<f64>,
        assembly_to_world: &DMatrix<f64>,
        pixel_size: f64,
    ) -> Option<f64> {
        let rep = self.representation.with_untracked(|rep| assembly_to_world * rep);
        if rep[2] < 0.0 {
            // this constant should be kept synchronized with `point.frag`
@ -220,7 +241,7 @@ fn compile_shader(
 fn set_up_program(
    context: &WebGl2RenderingContext,
    vertex_shader_source: &str,
-    fragment_shader_source: &str
+    fragment_shader_source: &str,
 ) -> WebGlProgram {
    // compile the shaders
    let vertex_shader = compile_shader(
@ -260,12 +281,12 @@ fn get_uniform_array_locations<const N: usize>(
    context: &WebGl2RenderingContext,
    program: &WebGlProgram,
    var_name: &str,
-    member_name_opt: Option<&str>
+    member_name_opt: Option<&str>,
 ) -> [Option<WebGlUniformLocation>; N] {
    array::from_fn(|n| {
        let name = match member_name_opt {
            Some(member_name) => format!("{var_name}[{n}].{member_name}"),
-            None => format!("{var_name}[{n}]")
+            None => format!("{var_name}[{n}]"),
        };
        context.get_uniform_location(&program, name.as_str())
    })
@ -276,7 +297,7 @@ fn bind_to_attribute(
    context: &WebGl2RenderingContext,
    attr_index: u32,
    attr_size: i32,
-    buffer: &Option<WebGlBuffer>
+    buffer: &Option<WebGlBuffer>,
 ) {
    context.bind_buffer(WebGl2RenderingContext::ARRAY_BUFFER, buffer.as_ref());
    context.vertex_attrib_pointer_with_i32(
@ -292,7 +313,7 @@ fn bind_to_attribute(
 // load the given data into a new vertex buffer object
 fn load_new_buffer(
    context: &WebGl2RenderingContext,
-    data: &[f32]
+    data: &[f32],
 ) -> Option<WebGlBuffer> {
    // create a buffer and bind it to ARRAY_BUFFER
    let buffer = context.create_buffer();
@ -319,7 +340,7 @@ fn bind_new_buffer_to_attribute(
    context: &WebGl2RenderingContext,
    attr_index: u32,
    attr_size: i32,
-    data: &[f32]
+    data: &[f32],
 ) {
    let buffer = load_new_buffer(context, data);
    bind_to_attribute(context, attr_index, attr_size, &buffer);
@ -341,9 +362,9 @@ fn event_dir(event: &MouseEvent) -> (Vector3<f64>, f64) {
        Vector3::new(
            FOCAL_SLOPE * (2.0*(f64::from(event.client_x()) - rect.left()) - width) / shortdim,
            FOCAL_SLOPE * (2.0*(rect.bottom() - f64::from(event.client_y())) - height) / shortdim,
-            -1.0
+            -1.0,
        ),
-        FOCAL_SLOPE * 2.0 / shortdim
+        FOCAL_SLOPE * 2.0 / shortdim,
    )
 }
@ -443,14 +464,14 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
        let sphere_program = set_up_program(
            &ctx,
            include_str!("identity.vert"),
-            include_str!("spheres.frag")
+            include_str!("spheres.frag"),
        );
        // set up the point rendering program
        let point_program = set_up_program(
            &ctx,
            include_str!("point.vert"),
-            include_str!("point.frag")
+            include_str!("point.frag"),
        );
        /* DEBUG */
@ -467,7 +488,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
        // capped at 1024 elements
        console::log_2(
            &ctx.get_parameter(WebGl2RenderingContext::MAX_FRAGMENT_UNIFORM_VECTORS).unwrap(),
-            &JsValue::from("uniform vectors available")
+            &JsValue::from("uniform vectors available"),
        );
        // find the sphere program's vertex attribute
@ -503,7 +524,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
            // southeast triangle
            -1.0, -1.0, 0.0,
             1.0,  1.0, 0.0,
-             1.0, -1.0, 0.0
+             1.0, -1.0, 0.0,
        ];
        let viewport_position_buffer = load_new_buffer(&ctx, &viewport_positions);
@ -596,7 +617,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                        vec![
                            ElementMotion {
                                element: sel,
-                                velocity: elt_motion.as_view()
+                                velocity: elt_motion.as_view(),
                            }
                        ]
                    );
@ -629,7 +650,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                        0.0, 1.0,   0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
                        0.0, 0.0,   1.0, 0.0,   u,
                        0.0, 0.0, 2.0*u, 1.0, u*u,
-                        0.0, 0.0,   0.0, 0.0, 1.0
+                        0.0, 0.0,   0.0, 0.0, 1.0,
                    ])
                };
                let asm_to_world = &location * &orientation;
@ -668,19 +689,19 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                    let v = &sphere_reps_world[n];
                    ctx.uniform3fv_with_f32_array(
                        sphere_sp_locs[n].as_ref(),
-                        v.rows(0, 3).as_slice()
+                        v.rows(0, 3).as_slice(),
                    );
                    ctx.uniform2fv_with_f32_array(
                        sphere_lt_locs[n].as_ref(),
-                        v.rows(3, 2).as_slice()
+                        v.rows(3, 2).as_slice(),
                    );
                    ctx.uniform4fv_with_f32_array(
                        sphere_color_locs[n].as_ref(),
-                        &scene.spheres.colors_with_opacity[n]
+                        &scene.spheres.colors_with_opacity[n],
                    );
                    ctx.uniform1f(
                        sphere_highlight_locs[n].as_ref(),
-                        scene.spheres.highlights[n]
+                        scene.spheres.highlights[n],
                    );
                }
@ -773,7 +794,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
            "ArrowLeft" if shift => roll_ccw.set(value),
            "ArrowRight" => yaw_right.set(value),
            "ArrowLeft" => yaw_left.set(value),
-            _ => navigating = false
+            _ => navigating = false,
        };
        if navigating {
            scene_changed.set(true);
@ -793,7 +814,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
            "s" | "S" => translate_neg_y.set(value),
            "]" | "}" => shrink_neg.set(value),
            "[" | "{" => shrink_pos.set(value),
-            _ => manipulating = false
+            _ => manipulating = false,
        };
        if manipulating {
            event.prevent_default();
@ -805,12 +826,12 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
        // switch back to integer-valued parameters when that becomes possible
        // again
        canvas(
-            ref=display,
+            ref = display,
-            id="display",
+            id = "display",
-            width="600",
+            width = "600",
-            height="600",
+            height = "600",
-            tabindex="0",
+            tabindex = "0",
-            on:keydown=move |event: KeyboardEvent| {
+            on:keydown = move |event: KeyboardEvent| {
                if event.key() == "Shift" {
                    // swap navigation inputs
                    roll_cw.set(yaw_right.get());
@ -836,7 +857,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                    set_manip_signal(&event, 1.0);
                }
            },
-            on:keyup=move |event: KeyboardEvent| {
+            on:keyup = move |event: KeyboardEvent| {
                if event.key() == "Shift" {
                    // swap navigation inputs
                    yaw_right.set(roll_cw.get());
@ -858,7 +879,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                    set_manip_signal(&event, 0.0);
                }
            },
-            on:blur=move |_| {
+            on:blur = move |_| {
                pitch_up.set(0.0);
                pitch_down.set(0.0);
                yaw_right.set(0.0);
@ -866,7 +887,7 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                roll_ccw.set(0.0);
                roll_cw.set(0.0);
            },
-            on:click=move |event: MouseEvent| {
+            on:click = move |event: MouseEvent| {
                // find the nearest element along the pointer direction
                let (dir, pixel_size) = event_dir(&event);
                console::log_1(&JsValue::from(dir.to_string()));
@ -883,18 +904,18 @@ pub fn Display() -> View {
                                    clicked = Some((elt, depth))
                                }
                            },
-                            None => clicked = Some((elt, depth))
+                            None => clicked = Some((elt, depth)),
-                        }
+                        },
-                        None => ()
+                        None => (),
                    };
                }
                // if we clicked something, select it
                match clicked {
                    Some((elt, _)) => state.select(&elt, event.shift_key()),
-                    None => state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear())
+                    None => state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear()),
                };
-            }
+            },
        )
    }
 }
--- a/app-proto/src/components/identity.vert
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/identity.vert
--- a/app-proto/src/components/outline.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/outline.rs
@ -1,11 +1,7 @@
 use itertools::Itertools;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 use sycamore::prelude::*;
-use web_sys::{
+use web_sys::{KeyboardEvent, MouseEvent, wasm_bindgen::JsCast};
    KeyboardEvent,
    MouseEvent,
    wasm_bindgen::JsCast
 };
 use crate::{
    AppState,
@ -13,7 +9,7 @@ use crate::{
        Element,
        HalfCurvatureRegulator,
        InversiveDistanceRegulator,
-        Regulator
+        Regulator,
    },
    specified::SpecifiedValue
 };
@ -49,8 +45,8 @@ fn RegulatorInput(regulator: Rc<dyn Regulator>) -> View {
    view! {
        input(
-            r#type="text",
+            r#type = "text",
-            class=move || {
+            class = move || {
                if valid.get() {
                    set_point.with(|set_pt| {
                        if set_pt.is_present() {
@ -63,27 +59,27 @@ fn RegulatorInput(regulator: Rc<dyn Regulator>) -> View {
                    "regulator-input invalid"
                }
            },
-            placeholder=measurement.with(|result| result.to_string()),
+            placeholder = measurement.with(|result| result.to_string()),
-            bind:value=value,
+            bind:value = value,
-            on:change=move |_| {
+            on:change = move |_| {
                valid.set(
                    match SpecifiedValue::try_from(value.get_clone_untracked()) {
                        Ok(set_pt) => {
                            set_point.set(set_pt);
                            true
-                        }
+                        },
-                        Err(_) => false
+                        Err(_) => false,
                    }
                )
            },
-            on:keydown={
+            on:keydown = {
                move |event: KeyboardEvent| {
                    match event.key().as_str() {
                        "Escape" => reset_value(),
-                        _ => ()
+                        _ => (),
                    }
                }
-            }
+            },
        )
    }
 }
@ -100,11 +96,11 @@ impl OutlineItem for InversiveDistanceRegulator {
            self.subjects[0].label()
        }.clone();
        view! {
-            li(class="regulator") {
+            li(class = "regulator") {
-                div(class="regulator-label") { (other_subject_label) }
+                div(class = "regulator-label") { (other_subject_label) }
-                div(class="regulator-type") { "Inversive distance" }
+                div(class = "regulator-type") { "Inversive distance" }
-                RegulatorInput(regulator=self)
+                RegulatorInput(regulator = self)
-                div(class="status")
+                div(class = "status")
            }
        }
    }
@ -113,11 +109,11 @@ impl OutlineItem for InversiveDistanceRegulator {
 impl OutlineItem for HalfCurvatureRegulator {
    fn outline_item(self: Rc<Self>, _element: &Rc<dyn Element>) -> View {
        view! {
-            li(class="regulator") {
+            li(class = "regulator") {
-                div(class="regulator-label") // for spacing
+                div(class = "regulator-label") // for spacing
-                div(class="regulator-type") { "Half-curvature" }
+                div(class = "regulator-type") { "Half-curvature" }
-                RegulatorInput(regulator=self)
+                RegulatorInput(regulator = self)
-                div(class="status")
+                div(class = "status")
            }
        }
    }
@ -156,10 +152,10 @@ fn ElementOutlineItem(element: Rc<dyn Element>) -> View {
    let details_node = create_node_ref();
    view! {
        li {
-            details(ref=details_node) {
+            details(ref = details_node) {
                summary(
-                    class=class.get(),
+                    class = class.get(),
-                    on:keydown={
+                    on:keydown = {
                        let element_for_handler = element.clone();
                        move |event: KeyboardEvent| {
                            match event.key().as_str() {
@ -179,18 +175,18 @@ fn ElementOutlineItem(element: Rc<dyn Element>) -> View {
                                        .unchecked_into::<web_sys::Element>()
                                        .remove_attribute("open");
                                },
-                                _ => ()
+                                _ => (),
                            }
                        }
                    }
                ) {
                    div(
-                        class="element-switch",
+                        class = "element-switch",
-                        on:click=|event: MouseEvent| event.stop_propagation()
+                        on:click = |event: MouseEvent| event.stop_propagation()
                    )
                    div(
-                        class="element",
+                        class = "element",
-                        on:click={
+                        on:click = {
                            let state_for_handler = state.clone();
                            let element_for_handler = element.clone();
                            move |event: MouseEvent| {
@ -200,20 +196,20 @@ fn ElementOutlineItem(element: Rc<dyn Element>) -> View {
                            }
                        }
                    ) {
-                        div(class="element-label") { (label) }
+                        div(class = "element-label") { (label) }
-                        div(class="element-representation") { (rep_components) }
+                        div(class = "element-representation") { (rep_components) }
                        input(
-                            r#type="checkbox",
+                            r#type = "checkbox",
-                            bind:checked=element.ghost(),
+                            bind:checked = element.ghost(),
-                            on:click=|event: MouseEvent| event.stop_propagation()
+                            on:click = |event: MouseEvent| event.stop_propagation()
                        )
                    }
                }
-                ul(class="regulators") {
+                ul(class = "regulators") {
                    Keyed(
-                        list=regulator_list,
+                        list = regulator_list,
-                        view=move |reg| reg.outline_item(&element),
+                        view = move |reg| reg.outline_item(&element),
-                        key=|reg| reg.serial()
+                        key = |reg| reg.serial()
                    )
                }
            }
@ -246,18 +242,18 @@ pub fn Outline() -> View {
    view! {
        ul(
-            id="outline",
+            id = "outline",
-            on:click={
+            on:click = {
                let state = use_context::<AppState>();
                move |_| state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear())
            }
        ) {
            Keyed(
-                list=element_list,
+                list = element_list,
-                view=|elt| view! {
+                view = |elt| view! {
-                    ElementOutlineItem(element=elt)
+                    ElementOutlineItem(element = elt)
                },
-                key=|elt| elt.serial()
+                key = |elt| elt.serial()
            )
        }
    }
--- a/app-proto/src/components/point.frag
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/point.frag
--- a/app-proto/src/components/point.vert
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/point.vert
--- a/app-proto/src/components/spheres.frag
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/spheres.frag
--- a/app-proto/src/components/test_assembly_chooser.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/components/test_assembly_chooser.rs
@ -0,0 +1,941 @@
 use itertools::izip;
 use std::{f64::consts::{FRAC_1_SQRT_2, PI}, rc::Rc};
 use nalgebra::Vector3;
 use sycamore::prelude::*;
 use web_sys::{console, wasm_bindgen::JsValue};
 use crate::{
    AppState,
    assembly::{
        Assembly,
        Element,
        ElementColor,
        InversiveDistanceRegulator,
        Point,
        Sphere,
    },
    engine,
    engine::DescentHistory,
    specified::SpecifiedValue,
 };
 // --- loaders ---
 /* DEBUG */
 // each of these functions loads an example assembly for testing. once we've
 // done more work on saving and loading assemblies, we should come back to this
 // code to see if it can be simplified
 fn load_general(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("gemini_a"),
            String::from("Castor"),
            [1.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 1.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("gemini_b"),
            String::from("Pollux"),
            [0.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(-0.5, -0.5, 0.0, 1.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("ursa_major"),
            String::from("Ursa major"),
            [0.25_f32, 0.00_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(-0.5, 0.5, 0.0, 0.75),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("ursa_minor"),
            String::from("Ursa minor"),
            [0.25_f32, 1.00_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.5, -0.5, 0.0, 0.5),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("moon_deimos"),
            String::from("Deimos"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.15, 1.0, 0.25),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("moon_phobos"),
            String::from("Phobos"),
            [0.00_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.50_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, -0.15, -1.0, 0.25),
        )
    );
 }
 fn load_low_curvature(assembly: &Assembly) {
    // create the spheres
    let a = 0.75_f64.sqrt();
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "central".to_string(),
            "Central".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "assemb_plane".to_string(),
            "Assembly plane".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "side1".to_string(),
            "Side 1".to_string(),
            [1.00_f32, 0.00_f32, 0.25_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "side2".to_string(),
            "Side 2".to_string(),
            [0.25_f32, 1.00_f32, 0.00_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-0.5, a, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "side3".to_string(),
            "Side 3".to_string(),
            [0.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-0.5, -a, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "corner1".to_string(),
            "Corner 1".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(-4.0/3.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0/3.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "corner2".to_string(),
            "Corner 2".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(2.0/3.0, -4.0/3.0 * a, 0.0, 1.0/3.0),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            String::from("corner3"),
            String::from("Corner 3"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(2.0/3.0, 4.0/3.0 * a, 0.0, 1.0/3.0),
        )
    );
    // impose the desired tangencies and make the sides planar
    let index_range = 1..=3;
    let [central, assemb_plane] = ["central", "assemb_plane"].map(
        |id| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[id].clone()
        )
    );
    let sides = index_range.clone().map(
        |k| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("side{k}")].clone()
        )
    );
    let corners = index_range.map(
        |k| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("corner{k}")].clone()
        )
    );
    for plane in [assemb_plane.clone()].into_iter().chain(sides.clone()) {
        // fix the curvature of each plane
        let curvature = plane.regulators().with_untracked(
            |regs| regs.first().unwrap().clone()
        );
        curvature.set_point().set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
    }
    let all_perpendicular = [central.clone()].into_iter()
        .chain(sides.clone())
        .chain(corners.clone());
    for sphere in all_perpendicular {
        // make each side and packed sphere perpendicular to the assembly plane
        let right_angle = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([sphere, assemb_plane.clone()]);
        right_angle.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
        assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(right_angle));
    }
    for sphere in sides.clone().chain(corners.clone()) {
        // make each side and corner sphere tangent to the central sphere
        let tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([sphere.clone(), central.clone()]);
        tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("-1".to_string()).unwrap());
        assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(tangency));
    }
    for (side_index, side) in sides.enumerate() {
        // make each side tangent to the two adjacent corner spheres
        for (corner_index, corner) in corners.clone().enumerate() {
            if side_index != corner_index {
                let tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([side.clone(), corner]);
                tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("-1".to_string()).unwrap());
                assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(tangency));
            }
        }
    }
 }
 fn load_pointed(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Point::new(
            format!("point_front"),
            format!("Front point"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::point(0.0, 0.0, FRAC_1_SQRT_2),
        )
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Point::new(
            format!("point_back"),
            format!("Back point"),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::point(0.0, 0.0, -FRAC_1_SQRT_2),
        )
    );
    for index_x in 0..=1 {
        for index_y in 0..=1 {
            let x = index_x as f64 - 0.5;
            let y = index_y as f64 - 0.5;
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Sphere::new(
                    format!("sphere{index_x}{index_y}"),
                    format!("Sphere {index_x}{index_y}"),
                    [0.5*(1.0 + x) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 + y) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 - x*y) as f32],
                    engine::sphere(x, y, 0.0, 1.0),
                )
            );
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Point::new(
                    format!("point{index_x}{index_y}"),
                    format!("Point {index_x}{index_y}"),
                    [0.5*(1.0 + x) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 + y) as f32, 0.5*(1.0 - x*y) as f32],
                    engine::point(x, y, 0.0),
                )
            );
        }
    }
 }
 // to finish describing the tridiminished icosahedron, set the inversive
 // distance regulators as follows:
 //   A-A   -0.25
 //   A-B     "
 //   B-C     "
 //   C-C     "
 //   A-C   -0.25 * φ^2 = -0.6545084971874737
 fn load_tridiminished_icosahedron(assembly: &Assembly) {
    // create the vertices
    const COLOR_A: ElementColor = [1.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.25_f32];
    const COLOR_B: ElementColor = [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32];
    const COLOR_C: ElementColor = [0.25_f32, 0.50_f32, 1.00_f32];
    let vertices = [
        Point::new(
            "a1".to_string(),
            "A₁".to_string(),
            COLOR_A,
            engine::point(0.25, 0.75, 0.75),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "a2".to_string(),
            "A₂".to_string(),
            COLOR_A,
            engine::point(0.75, 0.25, 0.75),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "a3".to_string(),
            "A₃".to_string(),
            COLOR_A,
            engine::point(0.75, 0.75, 0.25),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "b1".to_string(),
            "B₁".to_string(),
            COLOR_B,
            engine::point(0.75, -0.25, -0.25),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "b2".to_string(),
            "B₂".to_string(),
            COLOR_B,
            engine::point(-0.25, 0.75, -0.25),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "b3".to_string(),
            "B₃".to_string(),
            COLOR_B,
            engine::point(-0.25, -0.25, 0.75),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "c1".to_string(),
            "C₁".to_string(),
            COLOR_C,
            engine::point(0.0, -1.0, -1.0),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "c2".to_string(),
            "C₂".to_string(),
            COLOR_C,
            engine::point(-1.0, 0.0, -1.0),
        ),
        Point::new(
            "c3".to_string(),
            "C₃".to_string(),
            COLOR_C,
            engine::point(-1.0, -1.0, 0.0),
        ),
    ];
    for vertex in vertices {
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(vertex);
    }
    // create the faces
    const COLOR_FACE: ElementColor = [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32];
    let frac_1_sqrt_6 = 1.0 / 6.0_f64.sqrt();
    let frac_2_sqrt_6 = 2.0 * frac_1_sqrt_6;
    let faces = [
        Sphere::new(
            "face1".to_string(),
            "Face 1".to_string(),
            COLOR_FACE,
            engine::sphere_with_offset(frac_2_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, 0.0),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "face2".to_string(),
            "Face 2".to_string(),
            COLOR_FACE,
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-frac_1_sqrt_6, frac_2_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, 0.0),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "face3".to_string(),
            "Face 3".to_string(),
            COLOR_FACE,
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-frac_1_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, frac_2_sqrt_6, -frac_1_sqrt_6, 0.0),
        ),
    ];
    for face in faces {
        face.ghost().set(true);
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(face);
    }
    let index_range = 1..=3;
    for j in index_range.clone() {
        // make each face planar
        let face = assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("face{j}")].clone()
        );
        let curvature_regulator = face.regulators().with_untracked(
            |regs| regs.first().unwrap().clone()
        );
        curvature_regulator.set_point().set(
            SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap()
        );
        // put each A vertex on the face it belongs to
        let vertex_a = assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("a{j}")].clone()
        );
        let incidence_a = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([face.clone(), vertex_a.clone()]);
        incidence_a.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
        assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(incidence_a));
        // regulate the B-C vertex distances
        let vertices_bc = ["b", "c"].map(
            |series| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("{series}{j}")].clone()
            )
        );
        assembly.insert_regulator(
            Rc::new(InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(vertices_bc))
        );
        // get the pair of indices adjacent to `j`
        let adjacent_indices = [j % 3 + 1, (j + 1) % 3 + 1];
        for k in adjacent_indices.clone() {
            for series in ["b", "c"] {
                // put each B and C vertex on the faces it belongs to
                let vertex = assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                    |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("{series}{k}")].clone()
                );
                let incidence = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([face.clone(), vertex.clone()]);
                incidence.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
                assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(incidence));
                // regulate the A-B and A-C vertex distances
                assembly.insert_regulator(
                    Rc::new(InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([vertex_a.clone(), vertex]))
                );
            }
        }
        // regulate the A-A and C-C vertex distances
        let adjacent_pairs = ["a", "c"].map(
            |series| adjacent_indices.map(
                |index| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                    |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("{series}{index}")].clone()
                )
            )
        );
        for pair in adjacent_pairs {
            assembly.insert_regulator(
                Rc::new(InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(pair))
            );
        }
    }
 }
 // to finish describing the dodecahedral circle packing, set the inversive
 // distance regulators to -1. some of the regulators have already been set
 fn load_dodecahedral_packing(assembly: &Assembly) {
    // add the substrate
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "substrate".to_string(),
            "Substrate".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
        )
    );
    let substrate = assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
        |elts_by_id| elts_by_id["substrate"].clone()
    );
    // fix the substrate's curvature
    substrate.regulators().with_untracked(
        |regs| regs.first().unwrap().clone()
    ).set_point().set(
        SpecifiedValue::try_from("0.5".to_string()).unwrap()
    );
    // add the circles to be packed
    const COLOR_A: ElementColor = [1.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.00_f32];
    const COLOR_B: ElementColor = [1.00_f32, 0.00_f32, 0.25_f32];
    const COLOR_C: ElementColor = [0.25_f32, 0.00_f32, 1.00_f32];
    let phi = 0.5 + 1.25_f64.sqrt(); /* TO DO */ // replace with std::f64::consts::PHI when that gets stabilized
    let phi_inv = 1.0 / phi;
    let coord_scale = (phi + 2.0).sqrt();
    let face_scales = [phi_inv, (13.0 / 12.0) / coord_scale];
    let face_radii = [phi_inv, 5.0 / 12.0];
    let mut faces = Vec::<Rc<dyn Element>>::new();
    let subscripts = ["₀", "₁"];
    for j in 0..2 {
        for k in 0..2 {
            let small_coord = face_scales[k] * (2.0*(j as f64) - 1.0);
            let big_coord = face_scales[k] * (2.0*(k as f64) - 1.0) * phi;
            let id_num = format!("{j}{k}");
            let label_sub = format!("{}{}", subscripts[j], subscripts[k]);
            // add the A face
            let id_a = format!("a{id_num}");
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Sphere::new(
                    id_a.clone(),
                    format!("A{label_sub}"),
                    COLOR_A,
                    engine::sphere(0.0, small_coord, big_coord, face_radii[k]),
                )
            );
            faces.push(
                assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                    |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&id_a].clone()
                )
            );
            // add the B face
            let id_b = format!("b{id_num}");
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Sphere::new(
                    id_b.clone(),
                    format!("B{label_sub}"),
                    COLOR_B,
                    engine::sphere(small_coord, big_coord, 0.0, face_radii[k]),
                )
            );
            faces.push(
                assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                    |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&id_b].clone()
                )
            );
            // add the C face
            let id_c = format!("c{id_num}");
            let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
                Sphere::new(
                    id_c.clone(),
                    format!("C{label_sub}"),
                    COLOR_C,
                    engine::sphere(big_coord, 0.0, small_coord, face_radii[k]),
                )
            );
            faces.push(
                assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                    |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&id_c].clone()
                )
            );
        }
    }
    // make each face sphere perpendicular to the substrate
    for face in faces {
        let right_angle = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([face, substrate.clone()]);
        right_angle.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
        assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(right_angle));
    }
    // set up the tangencies that define the packing
    for [long_edge_plane, short_edge_plane] in [["a", "b"], ["b", "c"], ["c", "a"]] {
        for k in 0..2 {
            let long_edge_ids = [
                format!("{long_edge_plane}{k}0"),
                format!("{long_edge_plane}{k}1")
            ];
            let short_edge_ids = [
                format!("{short_edge_plane}0{k}"),
                format!("{short_edge_plane}1{k}")
            ];
            let [long_edge, short_edge] = [long_edge_ids, short_edge_ids].map(
                |edge_ids| edge_ids.map(
                    |id| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                        |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&id].clone()
                    )
                )
            );
            // set up the short-edge tangency
            let short_tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(short_edge.clone());
            if k == 0 {
                short_tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("-1".to_string()).unwrap());
            }
            assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(short_tangency));
            // set up the side tangencies
            for i in 0..2 {
                for j in 0..2 {
                    let side_tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(
                        [long_edge[i].clone(), short_edge[j].clone()]
                    );
                    if i == 0 && k == 0 {
                        side_tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("-1".to_string()).unwrap());
                    }
                    assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(side_tangency));
                }
            }
        }
    }
 }
 // the initial configuration of this test assembly deliberately violates the
 // constraints, so loading the assembly will trigger a non-trivial realization
 fn load_balanced(assembly: &Assembly) {
    // create the spheres
    const R_OUTER: f64 = 10.0;
    const R_INNER: f64 = 4.0;
    let spheres = [
        Sphere::new(
            "outer".to_string(),
            "Outer".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, R_OUTER),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "a".to_string(),
            "A".to_string(),
            [1.00_f32, 0.00_f32, 0.25_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 4.0, 0.0, R_INNER),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "b".to_string(),
            "B".to_string(),
            [0.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 1.00_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, -4.0, 0.0, R_INNER),
        ),
    ];
    for sphere in spheres {
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(sphere);
    }
    // get references to the spheres
    let [outer, a, b] = ["outer", "a", "b"].map(
        |id| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[id].clone()
        )
    );
    // fix the diameters of the outer, sun, and moon spheres
    for (sphere, radius) in [
        (outer.clone(), R_OUTER),
        (a.clone(), R_INNER),
        (b.clone(), R_INNER),
    ] {
        let curvature_regulator = sphere.regulators().with_untracked(
            |regs| regs.first().unwrap().clone()
        );
        let curvature = 0.5 / radius;
        curvature_regulator.set_point().set(
            SpecifiedValue::try_from(curvature.to_string()).unwrap()
        );
    }
    // set the inversive distances between the spheres. as described above, the
    // initial configuration deliberately violates these constraints
    for inner in [a, b] {
        let tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([outer.clone(), inner]);
        tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("1".to_string()).unwrap());
        assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(tangency));
    }
 }
 // the initial configuration of this test assembly deliberately violates the
 // constraints, so loading the assembly will trigger a non-trivial realization
 fn load_off_center(assembly: &Assembly) {
    // create a point almost at the origin and a sphere centered on the origin
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Point::new(
            "point".to_string(),
            "Point".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::point(1e-9, 0.0, 0.0),
        ),
    );
    let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(
        Sphere::new(
            "sphere".to_string(),
            "Sphere".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0),
        ),
    );
    // get references to the elements
    let point_and_sphere = ["point", "sphere"].map(
        |id| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[id].clone()
        )
    );
    // put the point on the sphere
    let incidence = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(point_and_sphere);
    incidence.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
    assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(incidence));
 }
 // setting the inversive distances between the vertices to -2 gives a regular
 // tetrahedron with side length 1, whose insphere and circumsphere have radii
 // sqrt(1/6) and sqrt(3/2), respectively. to measure those radii, set an
 // inversive distance of -1 between the insphere and each face, and then set an
 // inversive distance of 0 between the circumsphere and each vertex
 fn load_radius_ratio(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let index_range = 1..=4;
    // create the spheres
    const GRAY: ElementColor = [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32];
    let spheres = [
        Sphere::new(
            "sphere_faces".to_string(),
            "Insphere".to_string(),
            GRAY,
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.5),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "sphere_vertices".to_string(),
            "Circumsphere".to_string(),
            GRAY,
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.25),
        ),
    ];
    for sphere in spheres {
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(sphere);
    }
    // create the vertices
    let vertices = izip!(
        index_range.clone(),
        [
            [1.00_f32, 0.50_f32, 0.75_f32],
            [1.00_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.50_f32],
            [1.00_f32, 1.00_f32, 0.50_f32],
            [0.75_f32, 0.50_f32, 1.00_f32],
        ].into_iter(),
        [
            engine::point(-0.6, -0.8, -0.6),
            engine::point(-0.6, 0.8, 0.6),
            engine::point(0.6, -0.8, 0.6),
            engine::point(0.6, 0.8, -0.6),
        ].into_iter()
    ).map(
        |(k, color, representation)| {
            Point::new(
                format!("v{k}"),
                format!("Vertex {k}"),
                color,
                representation,
            )
        }
    );
    for vertex in vertices {
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(vertex);
    }
    // create the faces
    let base_dir = Vector3::new(1.0, 0.75, 1.0).normalize();
    let offset = base_dir.dot(&Vector3::new(-0.6, 0.8, 0.6));
    let faces = izip!(
        index_range.clone(),
        [
            [1.00_f32, 0.00_f32, 0.25_f32],
            [1.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.00_f32],
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.00_f32],
            [0.25_f32, 0.00_f32, 1.00_f32],
        ].into_iter(),
        [
            engine::sphere_with_offset(base_dir[0], base_dir[1], base_dir[2], offset, 0.0),
            engine::sphere_with_offset(base_dir[0], -base_dir[1], -base_dir[2], offset, 0.0),
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-base_dir[0], base_dir[1], -base_dir[2], offset, 0.0),
            engine::sphere_with_offset(-base_dir[0], -base_dir[1], base_dir[2], offset, 0.0),
        ].into_iter()
    ).map(
        |(k, color, representation)| {
            Sphere::new(
                format!("f{k}"),
                format!("Face {k}"),
                color,
                representation,
            )
        }
    );
    for face in faces {
        face.ghost().set(true);
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(face);
    }
    // impose the constraints
    for j in index_range.clone() {
        let [face_j, vertex_j] = [
            format!("f{j}"),
            format!("v{j}"),
        ].map(
            |id| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&id].clone()
            )
        );
        // make the faces planar
        let curvature_regulator = face_j.regulators().with_untracked(
            |regs| regs.first().unwrap().clone()
        );
        curvature_regulator.set_point().set(
            SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap()
        );
        for k in index_range.clone().filter(|&index| index != j) {
            let vertex_k = assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
                |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("v{k}")].clone()
            );
            // fix the distances between the vertices
            if j < k {
                let distance_regulator = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new(
                    [vertex_j.clone(), vertex_k.clone()]
                );
                assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(distance_regulator));
            }
            // put the vertices on the faces
            let incidence_regulator = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([face_j.clone(), vertex_k.clone()]);
            incidence_regulator.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("0".to_string()).unwrap());
            assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(incidence_regulator));
        }
    }
 }
 // to finish setting up the problem, fix the following curvatures:
 //   sun      1
 //   moon     5/3 = 1.666666666666666...
 //   chain1   2
 // a tiny `x` or `z` nudge of the outer sphere reliably prevents realization
 // failures before they happen, or resolves them after they happen. the result
 // depends sensitively on the translation direction, suggesting that realization
 // is failing because the engine is having trouble breaking a symmetry
 // /* TO DO */
 // the engine's performance on this problem is scale-dependent! with the current
 // initial conditions, realization fails for any order of imposing the remaining
 // curvature constraints. scaling everything up by a factor of ten, as done in
 // the original problem, makes realization succeed reliably. one potentially
 // relevant difference is that a lot of the numbers in the current initial
 // conditions are exactly representable as floats, unlike the analogous numbers
 // in the scaled-up problem. the inexact representations might break the
 // symmetry that's getting the engine stuck
 fn load_irisawa_hexlet(assembly: &Assembly) {
    let index_range = 1..=6;
    let colors = [
        [1.00_f32, 0.00_f32, 0.25_f32],
        [1.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.00_f32],
        [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.00_f32],
        [0.25_f32, 1.00_f32, 0.00_f32],
        [0.00_f32, 0.25_f32, 1.00_f32],
        [0.25_f32, 0.00_f32, 1.00_f32],
    ].into_iter();
    // create the spheres
    let spheres = [
        Sphere::new(
            "outer".to_string(),
            "Outer".to_string(),
            [0.5_f32, 0.5_f32, 0.5_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.5),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "sun".to_string(),
            "Sun".to_string(),
            [0.75_f32, 0.75_f32, 0.75_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, -0.75, 0.0, 0.75),
        ),
        Sphere::new(
            "moon".to_string(),
            "Moon".to_string(),
            [0.25_f32, 0.25_f32, 0.25_f32],
            engine::sphere(0.0, 0.75, 0.0, 0.75),
        ),
    ].into_iter().chain(
        index_range.clone().zip(colors).map(
            |(k, color)| {
                let ang = (k as f64) * PI/3.0;
                Sphere::new(
                    format!("chain{k}"),
                    format!("Chain {k}"),
                    color,
                    engine::sphere(1.0 * ang.sin(), 0.0, 1.0 * ang.cos(), 0.5),
                )
            }
        )
    );
    for sphere in spheres {
        let _ = assembly.try_insert_element(sphere);
    }
    // put the outer sphere in ghost mode and fix its curvature
    let outer = assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
        |elts_by_id| elts_by_id["outer"].clone()
    );
    outer.ghost().set(true);
    let outer_curvature_regulator = outer.regulators().with_untracked(
        |regs| regs.first().unwrap().clone()
    );
    outer_curvature_regulator.set_point().set(
        SpecifiedValue::try_from((1.0 / 3.0).to_string()).unwrap()
    );
    // impose the desired tangencies
    let [outer, sun, moon] = ["outer", "sun", "moon"].map(
        |id| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[id].clone()
        )
    );
    let chain = index_range.map(
        |k| assembly.elements_by_id.with_untracked(
            |elts_by_id| elts_by_id[&format!("chain{k}")].clone()
        )
    );
    for (chain_sphere, chain_sphere_next) in chain.clone().zip(chain.cycle().skip(1)) {
        for (other_sphere, inversive_distance) in [
            (outer.clone(), "1"),
            (sun.clone(), "-1"),
            (moon.clone(), "-1"),
            (chain_sphere_next.clone(), "-1"),
        ] {
            let tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([chain_sphere.clone(), other_sphere]);
            tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from(inversive_distance.to_string()).unwrap());
            assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(tangency));
        }
    }
    let outer_sun_tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([outer.clone(), sun]);
    outer_sun_tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("1".to_string()).unwrap());
    assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(outer_sun_tangency));
    let outer_moon_tangency = InversiveDistanceRegulator::new([outer.clone(), moon]);
    outer_moon_tangency.set_point.set(SpecifiedValue::try_from("1".to_string()).unwrap());
    assembly.insert_regulator(Rc::new(outer_moon_tangency));
 }
 // --- chooser ---
 /* DEBUG */
 #[component]
 pub fn TestAssemblyChooser() -> View {
    // create an effect that loads the selected test assembly
    let assembly_name = create_signal("general".to_string());
    create_effect(move || {
        // get name of chosen assembly
        let name = assembly_name.get_clone();
        console::log_1(
            &JsValue::from(format!("Showing assembly \"{}\"", name.clone()))
        );
        batch(|| {
            let state = use_context::<AppState>();
            let assembly = &state.assembly;
            // clear state
            assembly.regulators.update(|regs| regs.clear());
            assembly.elements.update(|elts| elts.clear());
            assembly.elements_by_id.update(|elts_by_id| elts_by_id.clear());
            assembly.descent_history.set(DescentHistory::new());
            state.selection.update(|sel| sel.clear());
            // load assembly
            match name.as_str() {
                "general" => load_general(assembly),
                "low-curvature" => load_low_curvature(assembly),
                "pointed" => load_pointed(assembly),
                "tridiminished-icosahedron" => load_tridiminished_icosahedron(assembly),
                "dodecahedral-packing" => load_dodecahedral_packing(assembly),
                "balanced" => load_balanced(assembly),
                "off-center" => load_off_center(assembly),
                "radius-ratio" => load_radius_ratio(assembly),
                "irisawa-hexlet" => load_irisawa_hexlet(assembly),
                _ => (),
            };
        });
    });
    // build the chooser
    view! {
        select(bind:value = assembly_name) {
            option(value = "general") { "General" }
            option(value = "low-curvature") { "Low-curvature" }
            option(value = "pointed") { "Pointed" }
            option(value = "tridiminished-icosahedron") { "Tridiminished icosahedron" }
            option(value = "dodecahedral-packing") { "Dodecahedral packing" }
            option(value = "balanced") { "Balanced" }
            option(value = "off-center") { "Off-center" }
            option(value = "radius-ratio") { "Radius ratio" }
            option(value = "irisawa-hexlet") { "Irisawa hexlet" }
            option(value = "empty") { "Empty" }
        }
    }
 }
--- a/app-proto/src/engine.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/engine.rs
@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use lazy_static::lazy_static;
 use nalgebra::{Const, DMatrix, DVector, DVectorView, Dyn, SymmetricEigen};
 use std::fmt::{Display, Error, Formatter};
 use web_sys::{console, wasm_bindgen::JsValue}; /* DEBUG */
 // --- elements ---
@ -17,7 +16,7 @@ pub fn sphere(center_x: f64, center_y: f64, center_z: f64, radius: f64) -> DVect
        center_y / radius,
        center_z / radius,
        0.5 / radius,
-        0.5 * (center_norm_sq / radius - radius)
+        0.5 * (center_norm_sq / radius - radius),
    ])
 }
@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ pub fn sphere_with_offset(dir_x: f64, dir_y: f64, dir_z: f64, off: f64, curv: f6
        norm_sp * dir_y,
        norm_sp * dir_z,
        0.5 * curv,
-        off * (1.0 + 0.5 * off * curv)
+        off * (1.0 + 0.5 * off * curv),
    ])
 }
@ -50,57 +49,23 @@ pub fn project_point_to_normalized(rep: &mut DVector<f64>) {
    rep.scale_mut(0.5 / rep[3]);
 }
 // given a sphere's representation vector, change the sphere's half-curvature to
 // `half-curv` and then restore normalization by contracting the representation
 // vector toward the curvature axis
 pub fn change_half_curvature(rep: &mut DVector<f64>, half_curv: f64) {
    // set the sphere's half-curvature to the desired value
    rep[3] = half_curv;
    // restore normalization by contracting toward the curvature axis
    const SIZE_THRESHOLD: f64 = 1e-9;
    let half_q_lt = -2.0 * half_curv * rep[4];
    let half_q_lt_sq = half_q_lt * half_q_lt;
    let mut spatial = rep.fixed_rows_mut::<3>(0);
    let q_sp = spatial.norm_squared();
    if q_sp < SIZE_THRESHOLD && half_q_lt_sq < SIZE_THRESHOLD {
        spatial.copy_from_slice(
            &[0.0, 0.0, (1.0 - 2.0 * half_q_lt).sqrt()]
        );
    } else {
        let scaling = half_q_lt + (q_sp + half_q_lt_sq).sqrt();
        spatial.scale_mut(1.0 / scaling);
        rep[4] /= scaling;
    }
    /* DEBUG */
    // verify normalization
    let rep_for_debug = rep.clone();
    console::log_1(&JsValue::from(
        format!(
            "Sphere self-product after curvature change: {}",
            rep_for_debug.dot(&(&*Q * &rep_for_debug))
        )
    ));
 }
 // --- partial matrices ---
 pub struct MatrixEntry {
    index: (usize, usize),
-    value: f64
+    value: f64,
 }
 pub struct PartialMatrix(Vec<MatrixEntry>);
 impl PartialMatrix {
-    pub fn new() -> PartialMatrix {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        PartialMatrix(Vec::<MatrixEntry>::new())
+        Self(Vec::<MatrixEntry>::new())
    }
    pub fn push(&mut self, row: usize, col: usize, value: f64) {
-        let PartialMatrix(entries) = self;
+        let Self(entries) = self;
-        entries.push(MatrixEntry { index: (row, col), value: value });
+        entries.push(MatrixEntry { index: (row, col), value });
    }
    pub fn push_sym(&mut self, row: usize, col: usize, value: f64) {
@ -149,7 +114,7 @@ impl IntoIterator for PartialMatrix {
    type IntoIter = std::vec::IntoIter<Self::Item>;
    fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter {
-        let PartialMatrix(entries) = self;
+        let Self(entries) = self;
        entries.into_iter()
    }
 }
@ -170,22 +135,26 @@ impl<'a> IntoIterator for &'a PartialMatrix {
 pub struct ConfigSubspace {
    assembly_dim: usize,
    basis_std: Vec<DMatrix<f64>>,
-    basis_proj: Vec<DMatrix<f64>>
+    basis_proj: Vec<DMatrix<f64>>,
 }
 impl ConfigSubspace {
-    pub fn zero(assembly_dim: usize) -> ConfigSubspace {
+    pub fn zero(assembly_dim: usize) -> Self {
-        ConfigSubspace {
+        Self {
-            assembly_dim: assembly_dim,
+            assembly_dim,
            basis_proj: Vec::new(),
-            basis_std: Vec::new()
+            basis_std: Vec::new(),
        }
    }
    // approximate the kernel of a symmetric endomorphism of the configuration
    // space for `assembly_dim` elements. we consider an eigenvector to be part
    // of the kernel if its eigenvalue is smaller than the constant `THRESHOLD`
-    fn symmetric_kernel(a: DMatrix<f64>, proj_to_std: DMatrix<f64>, assembly_dim: usize) -> ConfigSubspace {
+    fn symmetric_kernel(
        a: DMatrix<f64>,
        proj_to_std: DMatrix<f64>,
        assembly_dim: usize,
    ) -> Self {
        // find a basis for the kernel. the basis is expressed in the projection
        // coordinates, and it's orthonormal with respect to the projection
        // inner product
@ -199,20 +168,13 @@ impl ConfigSubspace {
            ).collect::<Vec<_>>().as_slice()
        );
        /* DEBUG */
        // print the eigenvalues
        #[cfg(all(target_family = "wasm", target_os = "unknown"))]
        console::log_1(&JsValue::from(
            format!("Eigenvalues used to find kernel:{}", eig.eigenvalues)
        ));
        // express the basis in the standard coordinates
        let basis_std = proj_to_std * &basis_proj;
        const ELEMENT_DIM: usize = 5;
        const UNIFORM_DIM: usize = 4;
-        ConfigSubspace {
+        Self {
-            assembly_dim: assembly_dim,
+            assembly_dim,
            basis_std: basis_std.column_iter().map(
                |v| Into::<DMatrix<f64>>::into(
                    v.reshape_generic(Dyn(ELEMENT_DIM), Dyn(assembly_dim))
@ -222,7 +184,7 @@ impl ConfigSubspace {
                |v| Into::<DMatrix<f64>>::into(
                    v.reshape_generic(Dyn(UNIFORM_DIM), Dyn(assembly_dim))
                )
-            ).collect()
+            ).collect(),
        }
    }
@ -256,14 +218,14 @@ pub struct DescentHistory {
    pub config: Vec<DMatrix<f64>>,
    pub scaled_loss: Vec<f64>,
    pub neg_grad: Vec<DMatrix<f64>>,
-    pub hess_eigvals: Vec::<DVector<f64>>,
+    pub hess_eigvals: Vec<DVector<f64>>,
    pub base_step: Vec<DMatrix<f64>>,
-    pub backoff_steps: Vec<i32>
+    pub backoff_steps: Vec<i32>,
 }
 impl DescentHistory {
-    pub fn new() -> DescentHistory {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
-        DescentHistory {
+        Self {
            config: Vec::<DMatrix<f64>>::new(),
            scaled_loss: Vec::<f64>::new(),
            neg_grad: Vec::<DMatrix<f64>>::new(),
@ -283,21 +245,21 @@ pub struct ConstraintProblem {
 }
 impl ConstraintProblem {
-    pub fn new(element_count: usize) -> ConstraintProblem {
+    pub fn new(element_count: usize) -> Self {
        const ELEMENT_DIM: usize = 5;
-        ConstraintProblem {
+        Self {
            gram: PartialMatrix::new(),
            frozen: PartialMatrix::new(),
-            guess: DMatrix::<f64>::zeros(ELEMENT_DIM, element_count)
+            guess: DMatrix::<f64>::zeros(ELEMENT_DIM, element_count),
        }
    }
    #[cfg(feature = "dev")]
-    pub fn from_guess(guess_columns: &[DVector<f64>]) -> ConstraintProblem {
+    pub fn from_guess(guess_columns: &[DVector<f64>]) -> Self {
-        ConstraintProblem {
+        Self {
            gram: PartialMatrix::new(),
            frozen: PartialMatrix::new(),
-            guess: DMatrix::from_columns(guess_columns)
+            guess: DMatrix::from_columns(guess_columns),
        }
    }
 }
@ -311,25 +273,21 @@ lazy_static! {
        0.0, 1.0, 0.0,  0.0,  0.0,
        0.0, 0.0, 1.0,  0.0,  0.0,
        0.0, 0.0, 0.0,  0.0, -2.0,
-        0.0, 0.0, 0.0, -2.0,  0.0
+        0.0, 0.0, 0.0, -2.0,  0.0,
    ]);
 }
 struct SearchState {
    config: DMatrix<f64>,
    err_proj: DMatrix<f64>,
-    loss: f64
+    loss: f64,
 }
 impl SearchState {
-    fn from_config(gram: &PartialMatrix, config: DMatrix<f64>) -> SearchState {
+    fn from_config(gram: &PartialMatrix, config: DMatrix<f64>) -> Self {
        let err_proj = gram.sub_proj(&(config.tr_mul(&*Q) * &config));
        let loss = err_proj.norm_squared();
-        SearchState {
+        Self { config, err_proj, loss }
            config: config,
            err_proj: err_proj,
            loss: loss
        }
    }
 }
@ -356,7 +314,7 @@ pub fn local_unif_to_std(v: DVectorView<f64>) -> DMatrix<f64> {
            curv,  0.0,  0.0,  0.0, v[0],
             0.0, curv,  0.0,  0.0, v[1],
             0.0,  0.0, curv,  0.0, v[2],
-             0.0,  0.0,  0.0,  0.0,  1.0
+             0.0,  0.0,  0.0,  0.0,  1.0,
        ])
    } else {
        // `v` represents a sphere. the normalization condition says that the
@ -365,7 +323,7 @@ pub fn local_unif_to_std(v: DVectorView<f64>) -> DMatrix<f64> {
                 curv,       0.0,       0.0,       0.0,            v[0],
                  0.0,      curv,       0.0,       0.0,            v[1],
                  0.0,       0.0,      curv,       0.0,            v[2],
-            curv*v[0], curv*v[1], curv*v[2], curv*v[3], curv*v[4] + 1.0
+            curv*v[0], curv*v[1], curv*v[2], curv*v[3], curv*v[4] + 1.0,
        ])
    }
 }
@ -378,7 +336,7 @@ fn seek_better_config(
    base_target_improvement: f64,
    min_efficiency: f64,
    backoff: f64,
-    max_backoff_steps: i32
+    max_backoff_steps: i32,
 ) -> Option<(SearchState, i32)> {
    let mut rate = 1.0;
    for backoff_steps in 0..max_backoff_steps {
@ -396,12 +354,12 @@ fn seek_better_config(
 // a first-order neighborhood of a configuration
 pub struct ConfigNeighborhood {
    pub config: DMatrix<f64>,
-    pub nbhd: ConfigSubspace
+    pub nbhd: ConfigSubspace,
 }
 pub struct Realization {
    pub result: Result<ConfigNeighborhood, String>,
-    pub history: DescentHistory
+    pub history: DescentHistory,
 }
 // seek a matrix `config` that matches the partial matrix `problem.frozen` and
@ -415,19 +373,30 @@ pub fn realize_gram(
    backoff: f64,
    reg_scale: f64,
    max_descent_steps: i32,
-    max_backoff_steps: i32
+    max_backoff_steps: i32,
 ) -> Realization {
    // destructure the problem data
-    let ConstraintProblem {
+    let ConstraintProblem { gram, guess, frozen } = problem;
        gram, guess, frozen
    } = problem;
    // start the descent history
    let mut history = DescentHistory::new();
    // handle the case where the assembly is empty. our general realization
    // routine can't handle this case because it builds the Hessian using
    // `DMatrix::from_columns`, which panics when the list of columns is empty
    let assembly_dim = guess.ncols();
    if assembly_dim == 0 {
        let result = Ok(
            ConfigNeighborhood {
                config: guess.clone(),
                nbhd: ConfigSubspace::zero(0),
            }
        );
        return Realization { result, history };
    }
    // find the dimension of the search space
    let element_dim = guess.nrows();
    let assembly_dim = guess.ncols();
    let total_dim = element_dim * assembly_dim;
    // scale the tolerance
@ -504,8 +473,8 @@ pub fn realize_gram(
            Some(cholesky) => cholesky,
            None => return Realization {
                result: Err("Cholesky decomposition failed".to_string()),
-                history
+                history,
-            }
+            },
        };
        let base_step_stacked = hess_cholesky.solve(&neg_grad_stacked);
        let base_step = base_step_stacked.reshape_generic(Dyn(element_dim), Dyn(assembly_dim));
@ -514,16 +483,16 @@ pub fn realize_gram(
        // use backtracking line search to find a better configuration
        if let Some((better_state, backoff_steps)) = seek_better_config(
            gram, &state, &base_step, neg_grad.dot(&base_step),
-            min_efficiency, backoff, max_backoff_steps
+            min_efficiency, backoff, max_backoff_steps,
        ) {
            state = better_state;
            history.backoff_steps.push(backoff_steps);
        } else {
            return Realization {
                result: Err("Line search failed".to_string()),
-                history
+                history,
-            }
+            };
-        };
+        }
    }
    let result = if state.loss < tol {
        // express the uniform basis in the standard basis
@ -568,7 +537,7 @@ pub mod examples {
            [
                sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 15.0),
                sphere(0.0, 0.0, -9.0, 5.0),
-                sphere(0.0, 0.0, 11.0, 3.0)
+                sphere(0.0, 0.0, 11.0, 3.0),
            ].into_iter().chain(
                (1..=6).map(
                    |k| {
@ -627,7 +596,7 @@ pub mod examples {
                        point(0.0, 0.0, 0.0),
                        point(ang_hor.cos(), ang_hor.sin(), 0.0),
                        point(x_vert, y_vert, -0.5),
-                        point(x_vert, y_vert, 0.5)
+                        point(x_vert, y_vert, 0.5),
                    ]
                }
            ).collect::<Vec<_>>().as_slice()
@ -670,15 +639,15 @@ mod tests {
            MatrixEntry { index: (0, 0), value: 14.0 },
            MatrixEntry { index: (0, 2), value: 28.0 },
            MatrixEntry { index: (1, 1), value: 42.0 },
-            MatrixEntry { index: (1, 2), value: 49.0 }
+            MatrixEntry { index: (1, 2), value: 49.0 },
        ]);
        let config = DMatrix::<f64>::from_row_slice(2, 3, &[
            1.0, 2.0, 3.0,
-            4.0, 5.0, 6.0
+            4.0, 5.0, 6.0,
        ]);
        let expected_result = DMatrix::<f64>::from_row_slice(2, 3, &[
            14.0, 2.0, 28.0,
-            4.0, 42.0, 49.0
+            4.0, 42.0, 49.0,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(frozen.freeze(&config), expected_result);
    }
@ -689,15 +658,15 @@ mod tests {
            MatrixEntry { index: (0, 0), value: 19.0 },
            MatrixEntry { index: (0, 2), value: 39.0 },
            MatrixEntry { index: (1, 1), value: 59.0 },
-            MatrixEntry { index: (1, 2), value: 69.0 }
+            MatrixEntry { index: (1, 2), value: 69.0 },
        ]);
        let attempt = DMatrix::<f64>::from_row_slice(2, 3, &[
            1.0, 2.0, 3.0,
-            4.0, 5.0, 6.0
+            4.0, 5.0, 6.0,
        ]);
        let expected_result = DMatrix::<f64>::from_row_slice(2, 3, &[
            18.0, 0.0, 36.0,
-            0.0, 54.0, 63.0
+            0.0, 54.0, 63.0,
        ]);
        assert_eq!(target.sub_proj(&attempt), expected_result);
    }
@ -715,7 +684,7 @@ mod tests {
            DMatrix::from_columns(&[
                sphere(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, a),
                sphere(-0.5, a, 0.0, a),
-                sphere(-0.5, -a, 0.0, a)
+                sphere(-0.5, -a, 0.0, a),
            ])
        };
        let state = SearchState::from_config(&gram, config);
@ -729,7 +698,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn frozen_entry_test() {
        let mut problem = ConstraintProblem::from_guess(&[
            point(0.0, 0.0, 2.0),
-            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.95)
+            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.95),
        ]);
        for j in 0..2 {
            for k in j..2 {
@ -773,7 +742,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut problem = ConstraintProblem::from_guess(&[
            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, -2.0),
            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0),
-            sphere(0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 1.0)
+            sphere(0.0, 0.0, -1.0, 1.0),
        ]);
        for j in 0..3 {
            for k in j..3 {
@ -803,8 +772,8 @@ mod tests {
            DMatrix::<f64>::from_column_slice(UNIFORM_DIM, assembly_dim, &[
                0.0, 0.0,  0.0,  0.0,
                0.0, 0.0, -0.5, -0.5,
-                0.0, 0.0, -0.5,  0.5
+                0.0, 0.0, -0.5,  0.5,
-            ])
+            ]),
        ];
        let tangent_motions_std = vec![
            basis_matrix((0, 1), element_dim, assembly_dim),
@ -814,8 +783,8 @@ mod tests {
            DMatrix::<f64>::from_column_slice(element_dim, assembly_dim, &[
                0.0, 0.0,  0.0,  0.00,  0.0,
                0.0, 0.0, -1.0, -0.25, -1.0,
-                0.0, 0.0, -1.0,  0.25,  1.0
+                0.0, 0.0, -1.0,  0.25,  1.0,
-            ])
+            ]),
        ];
        // confirm that the dimension of the tangent space is no greater than
@ -891,10 +860,10 @@ mod tests {
                        DVector::from_column_slice(&[0.0, 0.0, 5.0, 0.0]),
                        DVector::from_column_slice(&[0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0]),
                        DVector::from_column_slice(&[-vel_vert_x, -vel_vert_y, -3.0, 0.0]),
-                        DVector::from_column_slice(&[vel_vert_x, vel_vert_y, -3.0, 0.0])
+                        DVector::from_column_slice(&[vel_vert_x, vel_vert_y, -3.0, 0.0]),
                    ]
                }
-            ).collect::<Vec<_>>()
+            ).collect::<Vec<_>>(),
        ];
        let tangent_motions_std = tangent_motions_unif.iter().map(
            |motion| DMatrix::from_columns(
@ -927,7 +896,7 @@ mod tests {
                   0.0,        1.0,        0.0, 0.0,             dis[1],
                   0.0,        0.0,        1.0, 0.0,             dis[2],
            2.0*dis[0], 2.0*dis[1], 2.0*dis[2], 1.0, dis.norm_squared(),
-                   0.0,        0.0,        0.0, 0.0,                1.0
+                   0.0,        0.0,        0.0, 0.0,                1.0,
        ])
    }
@ -939,7 +908,7 @@ mod tests {
        const SCALED_TOL: f64 = 1.0e-12;
        let mut problem_orig = ConstraintProblem::from_guess(&[
            sphere(0.0, 0.0, 0.5, 1.0),
-            sphere(0.0, 0.0, -0.5, 1.0)
+            sphere(0.0, 0.0, -0.5, 1.0),
        ]);
        problem_orig.gram.push_sym(0, 0, 1.0);
        problem_orig.gram.push_sym(1, 1, 1.0);
@ -957,13 +926,13 @@ mod tests {
            let a = 0.5 * FRAC_1_SQRT_2;
            DMatrix::from_columns(&[
                sphere(a, 0.0, 7.0 + a, 1.0),
-                sphere(-a, 0.0, 7.0 - a, 1.0)
+                sphere(-a, 0.0, 7.0 - a, 1.0),
            ])
        };
        let problem_tfm = ConstraintProblem {
            gram: problem_orig.gram,
            frozen: problem_orig.frozen,
            guess: guess_tfm,
            frozen: problem_orig.frozen
        };
        let Realization { result: result_tfm, history: history_tfm } = realize_gram(
            &problem_tfm, SCALED_TOL, 0.5, 0.9, 1.1, 200, 110
@ -991,7 +960,7 @@ mod tests {
                      0.0, 1.0,            0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
            FRAC_1_SQRT_2, 0.0,  FRAC_1_SQRT_2, 0.0, 0.0,
                      0.0, 0.0,            0.0, 1.0, 0.0,
-                      0.0, 0.0,            0.0, 0.0, 1.0
+                      0.0, 0.0,            0.0, 0.0, 1.0,
        ]);
        let transl = translation(Vector3::new(0.0, 0.0, 7.0));
        let motion_proj_tfm = transl * rot * motion_orig_proj;
--- a/app-proto/src/main.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/main.rs
@ -1,9 +1,6 @@
 mod add_remove;
 mod assembly;
-mod diagnostics;
+mod components;
 mod display;
 mod engine;
 mod outline;
 mod specified;
 #[cfg(test)]
@ -12,23 +9,25 @@ mod tests;
 use std::{collections::BTreeSet, rc::Rc};
 use sycamore::prelude::*;
 use add_remove::AddRemove;
 use assembly::{Assembly, Element};
-use diagnostics::Diagnostics;
+use components::{
-use display::Display;
+    add_remove::AddRemove,
-use outline::Outline;
+    diagnostics::Diagnostics,
    display::Display,
    outline::Outline,
 };
 #[derive(Clone)]
 struct AppState {
    assembly: Assembly,
-    selection: Signal<BTreeSet<Rc<dyn Element>>>
+    selection: Signal<BTreeSet<Rc<dyn Element>>>,
 }
 impl AppState {
-    fn new() -> AppState {
+    fn new() -> Self {
-        AppState {
+        Self {
            assembly: Assembly::new(),
-            selection: create_signal(BTreeSet::default())
+            selection: create_signal(BTreeSet::default()),
        }
    }
@ -59,7 +58,7 @@ fn main() {
        provide_context(AppState::new());
        view! {
-            div(id="sidebar") {
+            div(id = "sidebar") {
                AddRemove {}
                Outline {}
                Diagnostics {}
--- a/app-proto/src/specified.rs
+++ b/app-proto/src/specified.rs
@ -13,12 +13,12 @@ use std::num::ParseFloatError;
 #[readonly::make]
 pub struct SpecifiedValue {
    pub spec: String,
-    pub value: Option<f64>
+    pub value: Option<f64>,
 }
 impl SpecifiedValue {
-    pub fn from_empty_spec() -> SpecifiedValue {
+    pub fn from_empty_spec() -> Self {
-        SpecifiedValue { spec: String::new(), value: None }
+        Self { spec: String::new(), value: None }
    }
    pub fn is_present(&self) -> bool {
@ -34,10 +34,10 @@ impl TryFrom<String> for SpecifiedValue {
    fn try_from(spec: String) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        if spec.is_empty() {
-            Ok(SpecifiedValue::from_empty_spec())
+            Ok(Self::from_empty_spec())
        } else {
            spec.parse::<f64>().map(
-                |value| SpecifiedValue { spec: spec, value: Some(value) }
+                |value| Self { spec, value: Some(value) }
            )
        }
    }
--- a/deploy/.gitignore
+++ b/deploy/.gitignore
@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
 /dyna3.zip
 /dyna3/index.html
 /dyna3/dyna3-*.js
 /dyna3/dyna3-*.wasm
 /dyna3/main-*.css
--- a/tools/package-for-deployment.sh
+++ b/tools/package-for-deployment.sh
@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
 # set paths. this technique for getting the script location comes from
 # `mklement0` on Stack Overflow
 #
 #   https://stackoverflow.com/a/24114056
 #
 TOOLS=$(dirname -- $0)
 SRC="$TOOLS/../app-proto/dist"
 DEST="$TOOLS/../deploy/dyna3"
 # remove the old hash-named files
 [ -e "$DEST"/dyna3-*.js ] && rm "$DEST"/dyna3-*.js
 [ -e "$DEST"/dyna3-*.wasm ] && rm "$DEST"/dyna3-*.wasm
 [ -e "$DEST"/main-*.css ] && rm "$DEST"/main-*.css
 # copy the distribution
 cp -r "$SRC/." "$DEST"
--- a/app-proto/run-examples.sh
+++ b/app-proto/run-examples.sh
@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 # the application prototype
 # find the manifest file for the application prototype
-MANIFEST="$(dirname -- $0)/Cargo.toml"
+MANIFEST="$(dirname -- $0)/../app-proto/Cargo.toml"
 # set up the command that runs each example
 RUN_EXAMPLE="cargo run --manifest-path $MANIFEST --example"
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Vectornaut	af18a8e7d1	Write a deployment packaging script (#113 ) Adds a packaging script to help automate deployment. Documents the deployment process in `README.md`. Also, moves `run-examples.sh` into the tools folder that we created for the packaging script. Co-authored-by: Aaron Fenyes <aaron.fenyes@fareycircles.ooo> Reviewed-on: StudioInfinity/dyna3#113 Co-authored-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net> Co-committed-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net>	2025-08-11 03:33:19 +00:00
Vectornaut	a4565281d5	Refactor: rename loaders and adopt 'Self' type convention (#111 ) Resolves #109. Resolves #110. Co-authored-by: Aaron Fenyes <aaron.fenyes@fareycircles.ooo> Reviewed-on: StudioInfinity/dyna3#111 Co-authored-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net> Co-committed-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net>	2025-08-07 23:24:07 +00:00
Vectornaut	ef1a579ac0	refactor: Code formatting (#108 ) Primarily, switch to using trailing commas. Also uniformizes commas with respect to switch branches, makes function call layout more consistent, line breaking more consistent, alphabetizes imports, uses the field init shorthand when possible, etc. Resolves #99. Co-authored-by: Aaron Fenyes <aaron.fenyes@fareycircles.ooo> Reviewed-on: StudioInfinity/dyna3#108 Co-authored-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net> Co-committed-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net>	2025-08-04 23:34:33 +00:00
Vectornaut	2eba80fb69	Simplify the realization triggering system (#105 ) Simplifies the system that reactively triggers realizations, at the cost of removing the preconditioning step described in issue #101 and doing unnecessary realizations after certain kinds of updates. Co-authored-by: Aaron Fenyes <aaron.fenyes@fareycircles.ooo> Reviewed-on: StudioInfinity/dyna3#105 Co-authored-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net> Co-committed-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net>	2025-07-31 22:21:32 +00:00
Vectornaut	0801200210	Add more test assemblies (#103 ) This PR helps probe the capabilities of the engine. Also adjusts the realization triggering system to reduce redundant realizations as we set an assembly's regulators during loading. Specificially, consolidates all calls to `realize()` into a single effect, which is triggered by the `needs_realization` signal. Also introduces a `keep_realized` signal and use it to pause realization while loading assemblies, but this signal is planned for removal as ultimately we do not want a separate "mode" of interpreting commands during loading, for maximal reproducibility of results (and simplicity of system). Co-authored-by: Aaron Fenyes <aaron.fenyes@fareycircles.ooo> Reviewed-on: StudioInfinity/dyna3#103 Co-authored-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net> Co-committed-by: Vectornaut <vectornaut@nobody@nowhere.net>	2025-07-22 22:01:37 +00:00